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1: Exodus route and Conquest: Hormah, Tamar, Way of the Spies
The way of the Spies and Hormah Hormah = Zephath Judges 1:17 "Then Judah went with Simeon his brother, and they struck the Canaanites ... Problem is, Hormah cannot be located at Tel Masos, because it is no where near the transjordan Edomite territory. Tamar "This land will become your inheritance ... On the east side the boundary will run between Hauran and Damascus, along the Jordan between Gilead and the land of Israel, to the eastern sea and as far as Tamar"(Ezekiel 47:13, 19). Biblical Tamar, 30 miles south of the Dead Sea, was one of the main cities on the spice trade. More than ... Tamar is one of the few sites where volunteers can dig for a single day. The references to Arad, Hormah, and the Way of the Atharim ... ca. 2650 b.c., but then remained unoccupied until the early Israelite monarchy.1 Since no remains exist that might be identified ... Numbers 14:25,43,45 2. " When the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in the Negev, heard that Israel was coming by the way of ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-way-of-spies-hormah.htm
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2: Kadesh-Barnea by Henry Clay Trumbull, 1884 AD
... Not until the days of the exodus does Kadesh again come into sight. But the review-narrative of the journeyiugs of the Israel ites, in the ... ye saw [became acquainted with] by the Way of [in the Road of] the mountain [the hill country] of the Amorites; and we came to Kadesh- barnea. ... Canaan was originally the name of the coast on which the great trading cities of the Phoenicians stood ; but long before the time of the ... The same wide extension that had been given to the name of Canaanite was given also to that of Amorite. It is possible that the title by which ... in the south, at Hebron and Jerusalem (Josh. 10: 5, 6); at Hazezon-tamar (Gen. 14: 7) and Shechem (Gen. 48 : 22 ; 2 Sam. 21 : 2), and even in ... between Horeb and Kadesh-barnea by the route they had come, every Israelite knew exactly what he meant, whether we understand it or not. ... d~b eitioai, 0v/l^f lot Ja. (Onomast. s. v. "Arama.") "Arama (Arad) : A city of the Amorites, lying near to the desert called Kaddes, ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-henry-clay-trumbull-1884ad.htm
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3: Bible Only Revelation Commentary by Steven Rudd
... Moses married a Cushite/Midianite in 1485 BC b. Salmon married a Canaanite in 1390 BC c. Boaz married a Moabite in 1284 BC d. Jesse ... from Jews) where the country was run by Priests who lived in 70 Levitical cities with 6 court houses located in cities of Refuge. f. ... the Father." (Philippians 2:9-11) e. "Jesus said to him, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father but ... Christ is King of Israel Christians are the True Israelite race is the topic in chapter 123. (Justin Martyr, Dialogues, Chapter 123, 130 AD) b. "As, therefore, Christ is ... And do not loot their wealth [in Jerusalem] in the day of their disaster. "Do not stand at the fork of the road [near Arad] to cut down ... God back-dated from 593 BC.) 983 dates back to the year David forgave Absalom for murdering Amnon because he raped his sister Tamar. ... David fled Saul from his palace at Gibeah (Tel el-Ful) to Nob (Mount of Olives) and ate the showbread then Saul slaughtered the priests ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/revelation/
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4: Archaeology and the Religions of Canaan and Israel, Beth Alpert ...
... In the large cities, religion continued to reflect clan structure and political relationships. Over time, Egyptian control over the region increased and so did the number of Egypto-Canaanite temples designed to serve Egyptian imperial needs. Ultimately, Egypt exploited Canaanite ritual processes—and in particular the ritual of sacrifice—at the expense of the indigenous Canaanite population. Chapter Six examines Israelite sacred sites from the beginning of the Iron Age until the destruction of the First Temple. The discussion focuses on the way in which the monarchs of Israel and Judah ... the large and prestigious excavation at Tel Gezer, described many types of archaeological evidence and incorporated studies of topography, political history, cultural history and ethnography (1925). ... ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE RELIGIONS OF CANAAN AND ISRAEL ARCHAEOLOGY AND THE RELIGIONS OF CANAAN AND ISRAEL At Arad, a tripartite-style sanctuary was constructed in the northwestern corner of the Iron II ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-archaeology-and-the-religions-of-Canaan-and-israel-beth-alpert-nakhai.htm
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5: Master Index of Free Bible Maps of Bible Times and Lands
Panorama photo gallery of Israel Alphabetic list of all panorama photographs List of places in Israel Wildernesses, plains, valleys Babylon ... Wilderness of Egypt (Sinai Peninsula) Wilderness of the land of Egypt (Ezek 20:36) Way of the Wilderness to the Red Sea (Ex 13:18) The ... Assyria Edomites Kenites Midianites/Ishmaelites Moabites Urartu Zobah Cities Abdon (Khirbet Abda) Abel, Beth-Maacah (Tell Abel el-Qamh) ... Aphek of Aram (fortress) Aphek of Asher (fortress) Aphekah of Judah fortress (Kh. el Hadab) Arad Aram Archelaus (Kh. Awja et-Tahtani) Aroer (tell Ara ir) Arubboth (Khirbet el-Hamam) Arumah (Kh.el-Ormah) Ashdod (Azotus) Ashkelon Ashtaroth (Tel Ashtarah) Ataroth (Khirbet Atarus) Ataroth ... Elat (Tell el-Kheleifeh Emmaus En-Dor (Tell Qedesh) Engedi, Hazazon-tamar Eshtaol (Kh.Shubeib) Eshtemoa Etam Solomon'spools and aqueduct Ezion ... Hamath 175 km 6 degrees N. Hazor Hebron, Kiriath-arba Helam (Elmah) Herodium Heshbon Hormah, Hycrania Ibleam Ijon Jabesh-gilead (Tell Maqlub) ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/maps/bible-maps-master-index.htm
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6: The historical territory of the Amorites in the Bible
The Amorites were descendants of Canaan: Gen. 10:15-16; 1 Chron 1:13-14. At the time of Abraham 2000BC, the Amorites lived in Hazazon-tamar ... This forces Israel to travel south to past Elat and Ezion geber, then due east for 20 miles then north to a location parallel with Jericho. Then asked permission for the Amorites to pass by their land so they could cross the Jordan. Judges 11:14-26 The Amorites controlled all the way from the Arnon River north to Mt. Hermon, the highest snow peaked mountain east of tel Dan: Deut 3:8 Exodus period Nations in Canaan Click to ... with his sons and all his people. "So we captured all his cities at that time and utterly destroyed the men, women and children of every city. ... and the Kadmonite and the Hittite and the Perizzite and the Rephaim and the Amorite and the Canaanite and the Girgashite and the Jebusite." ... Numbers 21:13 "The Amorites who lived in that hill country came out against you and chased you as bees do, and crushed you from Seir to Hormah... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-amorites.htm
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7: The Exodus Route: A scriptural proof, with the witness of history ...
... The conquest began and Israel passed directly through Dibon-gad and commenced the defeat of the Transjordan nations. While camped at Shittim (Tel Hammam) Israel ... They were unable to defeat the five Philistine Pentapolis cities (Ex 13:17-18; Deut 2:23; Josh 11:22; 13:2-3; Jud 1:18-19; 3:1-3) until the time of David. ... Hor, Edom and Mt. Seir, The Way of the Spies and Hormah See also: Click to View Top ten list of reasons why the exodus route was not restored until now. Click to View Six men who misled the world away from the true exodus route. Click to View Date and Pharaoh of the Exodus: 1446 BC. Thutmoses III (1485 - 1431 BC) Click to View When was Israel ... Edom never ventured out of her Transjordan territory until after the attack of Nebuchadnezzar in 605 BC as seen in the Arad Ostraca and Obadiah, Ps 137 etc. ... (1 Kings 8:65) "The south side toward the south shall extend from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt and to the Great Sea. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route.htm
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8: The Fortresses at En Haseva Rudolph Cohen 1994
... x 38 m) at Qasr el Juheiniye and, following Alt's proposal (Alt 1935:34), identified it as ancient Tamar (Gichon 1976). From here, it seems there was a Roman road to Zoar, south of the Dead Sea. ... Biblical Archaeologist 57:4 (1994) 207 Viewed from above its western half, the gate to the Iron II fortress shows off its first entry way and chamber. Each of the gate's total of four chambers ... This immense fortress is one of the largest known in the Negev and adja-cent regions. It covers four times the area taken up by such considerable fortresses as that at Tel 'Arad, Horvat Toy, Horvat Uzza, and Tell el-Kheleifeh, coming close in size to fortified cities of this ... Unfortunately, ceramic finds remain too scant to permit accurate dating of the structure's construction. Another possibility is that this fortress was established in the course of the Israelite/Judahite retaliatory campaign against Mesha, King of Moab (2 Kgs 3:4-15), whose rebellion against the King of Israel is ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortress-at-ein-haseva-rudolph-cohen-1994ad.htm
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9: The Iron Age Fortresses at En Haseva, Rudolph Cohen, 1995 AD
at (En Haseva and presented arguments for the identification of the site with the biblical Tamar and the Tamara mentioned in Roman and Byzantine sources. ... the seventh or the beginning of the sixth cen-turies BCE and can probably be connected in some way to the remains of the late Stratum 4 Iron Age fortress. ... the shrine was a high place dedicated to one of the "abominations" which King Josiah destroyed in Jerusalem, Beth-el, and other cities of Judea (2 Kgs 23:5-20), and throughout all the land of Israel (2 Chr 34:3- 7). ... Similar structures have been unearthed at Tel Jezreel and Tell el-Kheleifeh. Courtesy of the Israel Antiquities Authority. Assyria[...Manasseh apparently ... and Woodhead 1994), thought to be the central military base in the Israelite Kingdom (Ussishkin and Woodhead 1994:47).5 Furthermore, it is not ... Alternatively, from Horvat cUza one could travel to Arad, Horvat Tov (Cohen 1985; 1988/89a), and from there to the Hebron area and on to Jerusalem. The ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-iron-age-fortresses-negev-ein-haseva-rudolph-cohen-1995ad.htm
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10: The Bible and Radiocarbon Dating: Archaeology, Text and Science ...
... 1998) or leave open the possibility that indeed he destroyed cities and settlements (perhaps only partly), and in such a case the ... Rast's conclusions were carefully crafted and should not be rejected. THE DEBATE OVER THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE IRON AGE 21 Thus, Jezreel, Arad, ... These scheme is supported by "C dates from Tel Rehov (Mazar et al. [Chapter 13, this volume]). Such a scheme may be defined as 'Modified Conventional Chronology' (MCC) for the Iron Age in Israel. It was recently accepted by several scholars as the best resolution for Iron Age chronology ... culture throughout the country; this change brought to an end the Canaanite Second Millennium culture as is best demonstrated by Stratum VIA ... It assesses the way the Egyptian chronology is put together and its strengths and weaknesses and goes on to examine in detail the Third ... by Joshua and the Israelite tribes at the end of the Late Bronze Age, cracks developed in the paradigm known as 'Biblical Archaeology'. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-bible-and-radiocarbon-dating-archaeology-text-and-science-thomas-e-levy-thomas-higham-2005ad.htm
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11: Joshua's Altar on Mt. Ebal and the Lead Curse Tablet
... We suggest that he go all the way and accept the Bible's date of 1406 BC when Joshua built his altar. Zertal probably knows enough about the site ... Ebal Altar and the Beginnings of the Nation of Israel". See also: (Zertal, A. 1986/87 An Early Iron Age Cultic Site on Mt. Ebal: Excavation Seasons 1982-1987. Tel Aviv 13-14: 105-65. 1993.) and (The New Encyclopedia of Archaeological Excavation in the Holy ... The excavator similarly interprets the stratum 1B remains as a main cult site of the Israelite settlers. Confirmation of this view is provided by ... Now the Canaanite was then in the land. The Lord appeared to Abram and said, "To your descendants I will give this land." So he built an altar ... Over the millenia, sites have been forsaken and cities abandoned and destroyed, and their names have often fallen into oblivion. Many a time an ... From the Iron Age, a Philistine altar was found at Tel Qasile, and Israelite altars were discovered at Tel Arad and Beer-Sheva. From this very ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-altar-of-joshua.htm
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12: Nuweiba Beach Red Sea crossing: Rejected, debunked, refuted
... The Bitter Lakes were 15 km from Goshen and the Port of Suez contradict Exodus 5:3 because they are much less than three days away from Tel el-Dab'a. ... believe that they would alter the number of wheel spokes merely to "shake off Canaanite influences," and thereby assert their nationalistic identity. ... We don't know for sure where this spring or Bered are located. However, between Kadesh Barnea at Petra and the Way to Shur give us the general area. ... Advocates of Kadesh Barnea at Qudeirat and others like Glen Fritz whose site for Kadesh is 35 km east of Ein Hatseva (Hormah) are forced to create the fiction that the "Biblical Negev" did not extend south of Arad and Beersheba. 40. The ... Covenant was captured by the Philistines at Ebenezer then transported to 3 of the five pentapolis cities of the Philistines: Ashdod, Gath and Ekron. ... triggered Pharaoh to chase Moses after a messenger reported Israel was trapped in the wilderness at Etham and Pharaoh overtook Israel at the Red Sea. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-ruling-out-candiates-excluding-red-sea-crossing-points-kadesh-barnea.htm
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13: Seder Olam Rabbah modern Jewish calendar English pdf free online
... It turns out that from the Dispersion until the birth of Isaac were 52 years. All the time Sodom was settled was 52 years, of which time it and its sister cities were in rest and quiet for ... fro and 19 years they dwelt in Kadesh Barnea as it is said (Deur. 1:46): "You dwelt at Kadesh a long time, equal to the time that you dwelt. " All way stations together were 42 way stations. ... When Aaron died, the clouds of glory vanished and the Canaanites came to wage war against Israel. (v.40) "The Canaanite, the king of Arad heard." What did he hears? He heard that Aaron had died, the great scout, and the Cloud that ... At that time, (2Sam. 13:1): "It was after that, Absalom the son of David had a beautiful sister, Tamar by name . ." (v. 23) "It was after two years ...." (v. 39) "But Absalom fled and went ... The word of the Eternal was to Ezechiel ben Buzi, the priest, ..." (Ez. 3:15) "I came to the deportees at Tel Abib . . . I sat there seven days speechless among them." After seven days it ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Seder-Olam-Rabbah-full-text-PDF-Free-Online-Chronology-modern-Jewish-calendar-Textual-variants-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-Rabbinical-Judaism-160AD.htm
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14: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-johann-heinrich-kurtz-history ...
... the name of the ruins.) Rowlands could not for a moment doubt that this was the site of the ancient Zephath (or Hormah, vid. Josh. xv. 30 and Judg. i. 17). ... The same conclusion is forced upon us by Josh. xv. 21 sqq. ; "for in this case it is stated of all the separate cities of the tribe of Judah, that the boundary ... Kadesh, instead of being in the middle of the line, is to be looked for at Ain el-Hasb or Ein El-Weibeh, in the immediate neighbourhood of Tamar, the most easterly ... by appealing to the fact, which is clear enough from other passages, that Israel encamped at Kadesh twice—the first time on the way from Sinai to the southern border of Canaan (Num. xiii.), the second time after ... turned upside down, and every argument of any worth has been swept away (car tel est mon bon plaisir). The fact that the Israelites encamped twice at Kadesh, has been proved by K. v. Baumer (Zug der Israelite!!, p, 39, and Palgestina, p. 446), Robinson (ii. 611), and Fries (pp. 53-60). ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-johann-heinrich-kurtz-history-of-the-old-covenant-1872ad.htm
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15: Zedekiah, Matteniah King of Judah 597-587 BC The Chronological ...
... 7:16-18, 597 BC) b. 597 BC: STOP PRAYING!"For your gods are as many as your cities, O Judah; and as many as the streets of Jerusalem are the altars you have set ... See also the Arad Ostraca correspondence above where Zedekiah writes letters on pottery sherds to the fortress at Arad. Letter 1: Jeremiah chapters 50-51 in ... Lord GOD to Jerusalem, "Your origin and your birth are from the land of the Canaanite, your father was an Amorite and your mother a Hittite." (Ezekiel 16:3) 9. ... (Ezekiel 18:20) 12. Note: God's divine grace is unspeakable: ""But the house of Israel says, 'The way of the Lord is not right.' Are My ways not right, O house of Israel? ... The first eagle is Nebuchadnezzar, who deported the Israelite king Jehoiachin and Ezekiel's fellow exiles to Babylon in 597 b.c. Nebuchadnezzar then placed the ... After the destruction of Shiloh, Nob is where the tabernacle tent had stood for 76 years from 1094 to 1018 BC. i. David fled Saul from his palace at Gibeah (Tel ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-Zedekiah-Matteniah-last-king-of-judah-seal-bulla-cave-597-587bc
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16: The Kenites and the Kenite Territory
... the cities of the Kenites," 1 Samuel 30:29 "The families of scribes who lived at Jabez were the Tirathites, the Shimeathites and the Sucathites. Those are the Kenites who came from Hammath, the father of the house of Rechab." 1 Chronicles 2:55 C. What the Bible says about Arad, (The Kenites lives south of Arad) Arad was on the west side of the Dead Sea within the territory of Judah and was considered part of the Negev: "The descendants of the Kenite, Moses' father-in-law, went up from the city of palms with the sons of Judah, to the wilderness of Judah which is in the south of Arad; and they went and lived with the people." Judges 1:16 "When the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in the Negev, heard that Israel was coming by the way of Atharim, then he fought against Israel and took some of them captive." Numbers 21:1 "Now the Canaanite, the king of Arad who lived in the Negev in the land of Canaan, heard of the coming of the sons of Israel." Numbers 33:40 "the king of Hormah... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kenites-hobab-midianites.htm
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17: Origin of the Philistines, Sea Peoples, Pentapolis Cities, Goliath
... Philistine Pentapolis in coastal plain: Gaza, Ashdod, the Ashkelon, Gath, Ekron: Ex 13:17-18; Deut 2:23; Josh 11:22; 13:2-3; Judges 1:18-19; 3:1-3 i. It is possible that these five cities ... border of Ekron to the north (it is counted as Canaanite); the five lords of the Philistines: the Gazite, the Ashdodite, the Ashkelonite, the Gittite, the Ekronite" (Joshua 13:1-3) iii. ... Hence God led the people around by the way of the wilderness to the Red Sea; and the sons of Israel went up in martial array from the land of Egypt." (Exodus 13:17-18) b. The Amorite Pentapolis in hill country: Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, ... fall of Ugarit combine with separate ceramic links between Ashdod, Cyprus, and Ugarit and Tel Miqne, Cyprus, and Ugarit, respectively, to suggest that the first production of what is now ... Someone after Moses died updated the name. Zephath: Renamed Hormah by the tribes of Judah and Simeon in 1399 BC in Judges 1:17 Hormah used 5 times in Num 14:45; Deut 1:44; Josh 12:14; ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-archeology-origin-of-the-Philistines-Pentapolis-Sea-Peoples-Crete-Rameses-III-Medinet-Habu-Mortuary-temple-reliefs-inscriptions-Thebes-1077BC.htm
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18: (The Iron Age Fortresses in the Central Negev, Rudolph Cohen ...
... Glueck and Aharoni maintained that the fortresses had been erected by the kings of Israel between the 10th and the 7th centuries B.C. in order to extend royal control over the Negev, the Aravah, and ... From this account it follows that the "Way of the Spies" was the principal route from Kadesh-barnea to Arad, and during the time of the Monarchy fortresses and settlements were planted at strategic points all along its length, the remains of which can still be seen at Tel Arad, Givcat Refed, in the Sede Boger area, at Nahal Lecana, Beer Hafir, and Kadesh-barnea. Fig. 1. Map showing principal Iron ... The fortress measures ca. 37 X 25 m. and consists of casemate rooms around a central courtyard. The walls are preserved in places to a height of ca. 1.50 m. Both wheel-made Israelite and "Negev" ... Therefore, in all probability the fortresses were constructed during the reign of King Solomon, a vigorous and powerful ruler, whose numerous public works included the fortification of cities, the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-iron-age-fortresses-central-negev-rudolph-cohen-1979ad.htm
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19: King Jeroboam tel dan high place altar 1340-723 BC. They're Digging ...
Dan shall be a serpent in the way, a horned snake in the path, That bites the horse's heels, So that his rider falls backward (in 722 BC). For Your salvation I wait, ... from them until the Lord removed Israel from His sight, as He spoke through all His servants the prophets. So Israel was carried away into exile from their own land to Assyria until this day." (2 Kings 17:21-23) Contrary to popular opinion, Jeroboam was merely a side-show and a "Johnny-come-lately", in the idolatry at tel Dan. ... Archaeology is an important science that confirms the historical accuracy of the Bible. Since the Bible refers to hundreds of cities, kings, and places, we would ... The central open-air platform of the Sacred Area went through three phases during the Israelite period. Biran has identified the three phases of the platform as Bamah ... Such bichrome ware appears in the 16th century B.C.E. and is also common at the beginning of the 15th century B.C.E. ... large Canaanite Pithoi of the 14th-13th ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-tel-dan-laish-leshem-micah-Jonathan-jeroboams-king-of-israel-high-place-altar-temple-1340-723bc.htm
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20: 597 BC: Arad Ostraca introduction: Jehoiakim, Zedekiah, Nico ...
... A man seeks asylum in the temple of Solomon. (Arad #18) d. A short list of army commanders from Ramah-Negev (Tel Ira #1) I. Overview of archeological excavation and analysis: Excavation report: ... kôhanîm, "set apart [holy] for the priests"; the bowls were used in the Israelite temple at Arad. Over 80 other Hebrew inscriptions were found at Arad because of the special care taken to insure that none was overlooked. Moreover, unlike the rare collections of inscriptions found at other sites in Israel, the Arad inscriptions range over a period of 350 years, covering six different strata. ... 2003 AD) A voucher authorizing supplies to be sent to other nearby cities: (Ziph: Arad Ostraca #17) Markings of personal property likely imprinted on large storage jars before they were fired. ... The use of the definite article "the" in "the four days" suggests that there must have been a definite organized route and way stations through the desert based on units of distance per day. This ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-Arad-18-24-40-88-letters-refugee-temple-YHWH-edomite-threat-troops-edom-Ramah-Negev-Ira-Kinah-Horvat-Uza-Neco-II-Egypt-Jehoiakim-Zedekiah-Judah-608-597bc.htm
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21: The Exodus Route: 15 Stops between Kadesh Barnea to Jordan
Hormah is north of Kadesh, just west of the Arabah valley. "The Amorites who lived in that hill country came out against you and chased you as bees do, and crushed you from Seir to Hormah." Deut 1:44 "they (12 spies) proceeded to come to Moses and Aaron and to all the congregation of the sons of ... The Amorites came by force with an army supposing that Israel would retreat, like they did several months when the Edomites brought their army against Israel. This time God told them to fight and the Amorites were destroyed and Israel lived in their cities. "And we turned (north) and passed through by the way of the wilderness of Moab." Deuteronomy 2:8 "'Now arise and cross ... Then Aaron the priest went up to Mount Hor at the command of the Lord, and died there in the fortieth year after the sons of Israel had come from the land of Egypt, on the first day in the fifth month. Aaron was one hundred twenty-three years old when he died on Mount Hor. Now the Canaanite, the king of Arad who lived ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-kadesh-barnea-jordan.htm
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22: The Samaritans: 720 BC The pagan half-Jews of the Old Testament ...
... Now the Canaanite was then in the land. c. The Lord appeared to Abram and said, "To your descendants I will give this land." So he built an altar there to the Lord who had appeared to him." Genesis 12:6-7. d. ... Jubilees are 49 year intervals beginning when Israel crossed the Jordan in 1406 BC. 1406-49= 1357 or 1356 BC inclusive counting. 7. 1340 BC: Danite Pagan altar and high place at Tel Dan: 1340-931 BC a. "Dan shall judge (test) his people (through their idolatry), as one of the tribes of Israel. Dan shall be a serpent in the way, a horned snake in the path, ... brought men from Babylon and from Cuthah and from Avva and from Hamath and Sephar-vaim, and settled them in the cities of Samaria in place of the sons of Israel. So they possessed Samaria and lived in its cities. ... Its reputed antiquity, traced back to the very earliest days of the Israelite experience, gives the scroll a place of honor within the Samaritan community. Unfortunately, modern scholarship has been unable to ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-samaritans.htm
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23: Rehoboam, Shishak I (945-924 BC ) Canaan battle relief topographical ...
... It was architecturally conceived as a uniform part of the wall and colonnade surrounding the court. Had it not been for the presence of the temple of Ramses III in the way, this entrance would ... The first part of the inscription contains a long list of sites in the northern and central sections of Israel. The second part of the inscription, containing over 10 names, is apparently devoted to the Negev. Only a few of the names can be identified with cities known from the Bible. These include Arad, Yurza, Sharnhen, and the proposed identification of Ezion-Geber, which is doubtful. Of ... Pnw-3r, [P]enuel 54 Hdst, "new town" (unknown city) 55 P3-n-Skt, "the one of Succoth" 56 3dm, Adam[ah], Kh. Tel ed-Damiyeh Joshua 3:16 57 Dmrm, Zemaraim Josh 18:22 58 Shechem? "and its Midgol" 59 ... The location of some fortresses, such as the Aharoni fortress and Nahal Loz, cannot be explained otherwise. (The "Aharoni Fortress" Near Quseima and the "Israelite Fortresses" in the Negev, Zeev ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-sheshonq-I-shoshenq-shishak-shishaq-bubastite-karnak-conquest-campaign-canaan-battle-relief-topographical-list-187-cities-conquered-name-rings-926bc.htm
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24: The Fortresses King Solomon Built to Protect His Southern Border ...
... levels is required at several important sites somewhat north of the Central Negev fortresses, in the Beer-Sheva Basin (Tel Beer-Sheva, level VII; Tel Masos, level I; and Tel Esdar, levels II-III). ... The first part of the inscription contains a long list of sites in the northern and central sections of Israel. The second part of the inscription, containing over 10 names, is apparently devoted to the Negev. Only a few of the names can be identified with cities known from the Bible. These include Arad, Yurza, Sharnhen, and the proposed identification of Ezion-Geber, which is doubtful.14 Of ... The Israelite agricultural settlement built on Ramat Matred ... was founded in the first half of the tenth century and evidently destroyed by Shishak's expedition shortly after Solomon's death."17 ... Shikmona, 1978), p. 154 (Hebrew). 19. The Bible contains a great deal of information about the highways in this area. The "Way of the Spies" was the principal route from Kadesh-Barnea to Arad. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/fortresses-king-solomon-built-to-protect-his-southern-border-rudolph-cohen-1985ad.htm
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25: Adad-Nirari III(810-783) The "Unknown Deliverer" of 2 Kings 13 ...
... Three times Joash defeated him and recovered the cities of Israel." (2 Kings 13:24-25) The Saba'a Stele (with the help of the Hindanu Stele) confirms the Bible as true history! "Thereafter, Hazael savagely ... On one of those campaigns he defeated Damascus and then collected tribute from Israel, Tyre and Sidon. On the way home, he erected a monument at Tell al-Rimah commemorating the event. The section of the ... Detailed outline on Hazael, king of Aram and the "House of David" Stele found at tel Dan. This archeological object directly confirms a specific bible story where God sent Assyrian king Adad-Nirari III to deliver Israel from Ben-Hadad III (king of Arad at Damascus, son of Hazael) in 2 Kings 13:5. "So the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and He gave them ... Page suggests that since no verse in the Old Testament records either Adad-nirari's intervention in Damascus or tribute given to the Assyrian monarch by Joash (or Jehoahaz for that matter), the Israelite ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-archeology-Adad-Nirari-III-king-of-Assyria-stele-inscriptions-statues-810-783bc.htm
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26: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-rudolph-cohen-kadesh-barnea ...
and in its immediate vicinity for "many days" (Deut. 1:46), and this was the first national-religious centre around which the Israelite tribes under Moses coalesced. ... records that the way from Horeb to Kadesh-barnea "went through all that great and dreadful wilderness which you saw, on the way to the hill-country of the Amorites". ... Today, most scholars accept the identification of Kadesh-barnea with Tel el-Qudeirat, especially since Woolley and Lawrence discovered at the site the remains of a rectangular fortress with eight projecting towers, which they dated to the period of the kings of Judah and Israel. Numerous scholars have subsequently visited the ... It seems reasonable to associate its destruction with the same political factors that brought about the downfall of Jerusalem and numerous other Judean cities in 586 ... In Beersheba and Nahal Besor region there is ample proof of resettlement -between ancient Arad and Tell el Far'ah in Nahal Besor, even though the character of this ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-rudolph-cohen-kadesh-barnea-fortress-judaean-israel-museum-1983ad.htm
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27: Solomon's network of military border fortresses in the Negev
... In my view, the fortresses were erected during the reign of King Solomon, a vigorous and powerful ruler, whose numerous public works included the fortification of cities, the ... question, I still favor the theory of externally imposed settlement by a king of Israel" (The "Aharoni Fortress" Near Quseima and the "Israelite Fortresses" in the Negev, ... "Aharoni Fortress" Near Quseima and the "Israelite Fortresses" in the Negev, Zeev Meshel, 1994 AD) "Israelite control of the Negev in the Iron Age II was based on a network of tower-fortresses, such as those excavated at Uzzah, Arad, Qadesh Barnea, and lately at `Ein Hazevah (Cohen 1988; 1991). ... In my opinion, the forts were intended to defend the caravans plying the routes of the Way of the Spies, the Way of the Hill Country of the Amorites, and the Way of the Red ... of interests between the Israelites and the population of the "city of Amalek" (Tel Masos), eventually resulting in the campaign of Saul against the Amalekites (1 Sam ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-davids-negev-border-fortress-network.htm
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28: The southern border of Judah and Kadesh Barnea at Petra
... Apku which is in the region of Samaria (Sa-me-[ri-na]) as far as the town Raphia (in) the region adjacent to the "Brook of Egypt"-and there is no river (all the way)! ... Never in Israel's history has this been the border between Israel and Egypt until 1947 AD. At the time of the Exodus, Israel was not "out of Egypt" until they crossed ... Located on the border of Egypt as a last stop before entering Canaan at Raphia and Gaza. Archaeologists have misidentified ancient Tharu at Tel Habuwa which is ... Written in 100 BC, the book of Judith 1:9 proves the brook of Egypt is the Wadi el-Arish: "And to all that were in Samaria and the cities thereof, and beyond Jordan ... 2 Chronicles 26:8 ""The south side toward the south shall extend from Tamar as far as the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt and to the Great Sea. ... and Eltolad and Chesil and Hormah, and Ziklag and Madmannah and Sansannah, and Lebaoth and Shilhim and Ain and Rimmon; in all, twenty-nine cities with their villages. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-southern-border-judah-territory.htm
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29: The border Between Judah and Egypt: River of Egypt, Wadi el-Arish ...
... Tel el-Dab'a (Goshen) was on the eastern side of the Pelusiac branch of the Nile, which made it inside the promised land. So, Israel was already inside the promised ... Joshua 15:47 "from the Shihor [wadi el-Arish] which is east of Egypt, even as far as the border of Ekron to the north (it is counted as Canaanite); the five lords of ... Ezekiel 47:19 and "And beside the border of Gad, at the south side toward the south, the border shall be from Tamar to the waters of Meribath-kadesh, to the brook of Egypt, to the Great Sea." Ezekiel 48:28 Full discussion of Ezek 47:19 click here. Click to View Pharaoh Neco began to occupy Israel and made Eliakim its puppet king. ... His majesty proceeded northward, his infantry and his chariotry being with him. He began the goodly way to march. Year 5, the second month of the third season tenth ... Written in 100 BC, the book of Judith 1:9 proves the brook of Egypt is the Wadi el-Arish: "And to all that were in Samaria and the cities thereof, and beyond Jordan ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-southern-border-judah-territory-river-of-egypt-wadi-el-arish-tharu-rhinocolu.htm
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30: The Edomites: From Esau to Edom to Idumea to Extinction 2006BC ...
... where Amorite tribal 'kings' ruled in the same general areas also subject to the dynasts reigning in specific cities; documents bear oaths sworn in the joint names of such 'complementary' rulers, for example (Yuhong and Dalley ... way of the wilderness of Edom. So the king of Israel went with the king of Judah and the king of Edom; and they made a circuit of seven days' journey, and there was no water for the army or for the cattle that followed them." 2 Kings 3:7-9 Edom remained Transjordan from 1950 BC until after the Babylonian captivity of 605 BC. The Edomites moved into the Negev for the first time in history only after 605 BC. When Nebuchadnezzar first attacked in 605 BC Edom began to move into the Judean Negev and attack Kinah and Arad ... This proves Kadesh Barnea cannot be at Qudeirat because the border of Edom in 1446 BC was 50 km east in modern Jordan. The Edomites attacks the Ramah-Negev fortress (Tel Ira) triggering king Zedekiah to write letters to the fortress ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-edomite-territory-mt-seir.htm
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31: Pots and Polities: Material Remains of Late Iron Age Judah in ...
... (Holland 1975: fig. 9:4); 6. Tel Beer Sheba (unpublished, courtesy of I. Beit Arieh and Z. Herzog). focused primarily on prehistoric phases and on cul-tural changes, and neglects historical cases. At least in its more dogmatic forms, it failed to discuss polit-ical borders in a satisfactory way, since it created a sharp ... We should not rely on this story to restore the borders of Judah. Judah's eastern border, the Dead Sea, and its south-ern border, the Arad and Beer Sheba valleys, ... Gezer belonged to Israel and later to the Assyrian province of Samaria (Na'aman 1988: 74). The identification of sites in the southern Shephelah is a well-known problem, but geographic features and settlement patterns present some clues (Gophna 1970; Dagan 1992). Ekron and Gat (Tell es-Safi) were Philistine cities (Dothan and ... The appearance of horned stone altars at Ekron was attributed by the excavators to Israelite immi-gration (Dothan and Gitin 1994: 21), I hope that this will be ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-pots-and-polities-material-remains-of-late-iron-age-judah-in-relation-to-its-political-borders-raz-kletter-1999ad.htm
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32: 597 BC: Arad Ostraca #40: Zedekiah and the Edomite invasion into ...
... these two lands will be mine, and we will possess them'" (Ezekiel 35:10) ""As you rejoiced over Israel because it was desolate" (Ezekiel 35:15) ""Because of violence to your brother Jacob, on the ... Edom will become an extinct nation: "Bozrah will become an object of horror, a reproach, a ruin and a curse; and all its cities will become perpetual ruins." (Jeremiah 49:13) "The arrogance of your ... Arad #88 "Neco II appoints Jehoiakim" is another example of "intrusive" pottery. Since Arad ostracon 88 was a valid surface provenanced find at Tel Arad, but it is technically unprovenienced since it ... Here is evidence, then, that such language was used already in the late monar-chial period. There is, of course, no way of knowing what Gemaryahu and his men wanted to send and could not. Line 15. ... It was difficult to discern the floor of this courtyard, thus we mistakenly defined the upper two Israelite strata as VI and VII instead of VII and VIII. The mistake was discovered only after this ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-ostracon-Arad40-letters-edomite-threat-send-troops-Gemariah-Nehemiah-Malchijah-Eshijah-Ramah-Negev-Tel-Ira-Kinah-Horvat-Uza-YHWH-597bc.htm
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33: Excavations At Kadesh-Barnea: 1976-1978, Ein el-Qudeirat, Rudolph ...
... As is well known, he was a powerful and energetic ruler, who sought to consolidate the gains of his predecessor, David, by fortifying cities, constructing storehouses, and ... Thus, these fortresses also define the southern border of Israel at the time of its greatest extent. Horvat Har Boger: Casemate rooms in fortress of the 10th century ... At this time, at least two imposing fortresses were established in the Central Negev area, one at Horvat 'Liza (Aharoni 1958: 33-35), some 8 km southeast of Arad, and the ... This is an apparent inconsistency, and it should be asked if the excavations at Kadesh-barnea have contributed, in one way or another, to the understanding of Israel's ... Israel Exploration Journal 8: 26-38. 1973 Beer-sheba I: Excavations at Beer- sheba, 1969-1971. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University, Institute of Archaeology. Aharoni, Y., et al. 1960 The Ancient Desert Agriculture of the Negev: V. An Israelite Agricultural Settlement at Ramat Matred. Israel Exploration Journal ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-el-qudeirat-excavations-at-kadesh-barnea-rudolph-cohen-ba-1976-1982ad.htm
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34: Lachish Letters Ostraca collection, Tablets and Inscriptions ...
Jerusalem 605-587 BC. "Some thirty-six inscriptions have been discovered at Tell ed-Duwêr/Tel Lachish, including Proto-Canaanite inscriptions, inscribed seals and weights, several Egyptian inscriptions, and an Aramaic ... 3.42, p78, 2002 AD) "These ostraca were discovered in the ruins of the latest Israelite occupation at Tell ed-Duweir in southern Palestine, which unquestionably represents biblical Lachish. ... 589 BC) 5. "Then Jeremiah said to Zedekiah, "Thus says the Lord God of hosts, the God of Israel, 'If you will indeed go out to the officers of the king of Babylon, then you will live, this ... Lachish Ostracon #4: YHWH, Fire Signals of Azekah, Jer 34:6-7; 6:1 Fire signals and passenger pigeons were the way ancient cultures communicated with each other. Jer 6:1 actually mentions the ... Here is direct confirmation from the Bible story on a text written on a piece of broken pottery. When Nebuchadnezzar attacked Judah, he conquered both the cities of Lachish and Azekah. The ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/Ostraca-Lachish-Letters-Jeremiah-YHWH-Egypt-Fire-Signals-Azekah-weakening-hands-nebuchadnezzar-587BC.htm
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35: Ein El-Qudeirat is not Kadesh Barnea: : Wrongly identified as ...
... The border between Egypt and Israel as stated in the Bible, is the wadi el-Arish. Meshel comments on the fortress at Quseima: "The summit, 390 m above sea level, ... To put our eyes on it, therefore, the very day of our seeing Ayn Qadees, was enough to drive out of mind all thought of our dangers and worry on the way to it. We ... in the Central Negev, Rudolph Cohen, 1979 AD) Click to View Tel Qudeirat in 1905 before any excavation: Schmidt: Click to View "The sites excavated by Cohen have all produced remains of the typical 10th-century "four-room house" associated with Israelite settlements throughout the country." (Kadesh Barnea: Judah's Last ... The first column is apparently a list of units of measurement, similar to those employed in the well-known Arad ostraca. The second column, though partially missing ... As is well known, he was a powerful and energetic ruler, who sought to consolidate the gains of his predecessor, David, by fortifying cities, constructing ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortresses-ein-el-qudeirat.htm
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36: Seals, Bulla, Documents, Pottery & Antitypical New Testament ...
Archaeology is an important science that confirms the historical accuracy of the Bible. Since the Bible refers to hundreds of cities, kings, and places, we would expect ... "Then the glory of the God of Israel went up from the cherub on which it had been, to the threshold of the temple. And He called to the man clothed in linen at whose ... This Egyptian origin would have come to Jerusalem via Canaanite tradition. The task of this figure of marking those who were to be spared the judgement with a sign was undoubtedly given by earlier Israelite tradition. Marking a person first of all identified him as the property of another (Ex 21:6*). Daube ... As for me, I heard but could not understand; so I said, "My lord, what will be the outcome of these events?" He said, "Go your way, Daniel, for these words are concealed ... This is a choice each of us will carry to judgement, so choose wisely, chose God! G. Seals were tangible pledges of security "It was told to Tamar, "Behold, your ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/bulla/bible-archeology-seals-clay-bulla-scribes-inkwells-quills-papyrus-documents-scriptorium-antitype-assurance-salvation-Christ.htm
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37: Book of Balaam Son of Beor Inscription at Tell Deir Alla, Succoth ...
... Tel Deir ʿAlla is located about eight kilometers east of the Jordan, not far from the northern bank of the Zerqa river (the biblical Jabbok), which flows into the ... Who shook kingdoms, Who made the world like a wilderness And overthrew its cities, Who did not allow his prisoners to go home?' "All the kings of the nations lie ... The suddenness of the disaster and its effects suggest rather that the mighty ones that affected the town in this way were shock waves of an earthquake. Given the ... were written by Hebrews, or they were written in a Transjordanian dialect of Canaanite that was very close to Biblical Hebrew. " (The Inscribed Tablets From Tell ... Most likely there was something resembling a non-Israelite school of the prophets, the staff of which included Balaam for a time; and someone among the other literate ... drunk, bedding the blonde or robbing a bank. Herein lay Balaam's sin. He asked God if he should curse Israel and was told absolutely not because Israel was blessed. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-balaam-son-of-beor-inscription-tell-deir-alla-succoth-1400-750bc.htm
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38: Hebrew, Jewish, Yehuda, Bible coins of the Persian Empire
... to [the tribe of] Judah," it is never used this way in the OT. It comes into prominence only after the destruction of the northern kingdom and, more specifically, after the Babylonian Captivity. Thus it is used of an Israelite living in the province of Judea (Judah) during the Babylonian, Persian, Greek, and Roman periods. ... who were in Judah [Persian: "Yehud"] and Jerusalem, in the name of the God of Israel who was over them." (Ezra 5:1) ii. "May it be known to the king that we went to ... An inscription found in a rock-cut tomb in W Judah, that most probably dates back to the 7th or 6th century b.c.e., has hry yhd, "the mountains of Judah." On Arad ... Anyone looking at photographs of the coins found attached to one another at Tel Gamma will immediately discern that three of them are of the type bearing the ... At that time, the large cities in the Land of Israel, such as Gaza, Ashdod, Ascalon, Dor, Megiddo, and Samaria, controlled extensive territories around them and in ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/coins/Jesus-coins-of-the-bible-Persian-Empire-539-333BC.htm
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39: The Book of Jubilees: A fictional Jewish chronology of real world ...
... and like the sand of the seashore and your seed will inherit the cities of their enemies. 16* And all of the nations of the earth will bless themselves by your seed because you obeyed my word. ... But formerly the name of that area was Luz. 27 And Jacob vowed a vow to the Lord, saying, "If the Lord will be with me and protect me in this way in which I am traveling, and if he will give me ... over into the hand of the sons of Jacob so that they might destroy them with the sword and execute judgment against them, and so that nothing like this might therefore happen in Israel to defile an Israelite virgin. ... The name of the wife of Reuben (was) 'Ada. And the name of the wife of Simeon (was) 'Adiba'a, a Canaanite. And the name of the wife of Levi (was) Melka, from the daughters of Aram, from the seed ... The story of Judah and Tamar 41 1* And in the forty-fifth jubilee, in the second week, in the second year, Judah took a wife for Er, his firstborn, from the daughters of Aram, and her name was ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/book-of-Jubilees-full-text-PDF-Free-Online-Chronology-ancient-Jewish-calendar-Textual-variants-Bible-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-Rabbinical-Judaism-170BC.htm
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40: The "Aharoni Fortress" Near Quseima and the "Israelite Fortresses ...
The "Aharoni Fortress" Near Quseima and the "Israelite Fortresses" in the Negev Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 294. (May, 1994), pp. 39-67. Zeev Meshel Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv, Israel (The "Aharoni Fortress" Near Quseima and the "Israelite Fortresses" in the Negev, Zeev Meshel, 1994 AD) The first part of this article is the final report on the excavations at the ... On the rock itself were ash stains of a fire; we ascribe these to the building stage of the site. The entire area of the gate was full of debris, lying in such a way as to indicate destruction in an earthquake. The collapsing walls severely damaged the stone paving, which therefore was ... he has reconstructed in Beersheba VII, Tel Masos II, Tel Esdar, and Arad Level XII, and which he dates accordingly to the 11 th century B.C. (Herzog 1983: 44-45; cf. 1990: 228-31).15 To my mind, one must reject not only the comparison but even the proposed reconstruction (figure 19). ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-aharoni-fortress-near-quseima-israelite-fortresses-in-negev-zeev-meshel-1994ad.htm
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41: enclosed-settlements-negeb-wilderness-beer-sheba-zeev-herzog ...
The regional approach to archaeological research is gradually assuming a predominant role in Israel. In the Negev this trend may be traced back to the early 1960s when Y. Aharoni began his regional research in the Arad-Beersheva Valley, a project that has continued even after his untimely death in 1976. This project, preceded by a survey of the Negeb of Judah (Y. Aharoni 1958), initiated the largescale excavations at Arad (Y. Aharoni 1975; M. Aharoni 1981), Tel Malhata (Kochavi 1977), Tel Masos (Kempinski et al. 1981), Beersheba ... Somewhat later, Cohen and Meshel began their systematic exploration of the central Negev high-lands, concentrating mainly on what they referred to as Iron Age or Israelite fortresses. While these two projects conform to the basic ... Undoubtedly, the small forts and accompanying settlements were founded in connection with Solomon's trade operations in the Red Sea. In my opinion, the forts were intended to defend the caravans plying the routes of the Way of the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-enclosed-settlements-negeb-wilderness-beer-sheba-zeev-herzog-1983ad.htm
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42: Hazael, king of Aram (842-800 BC) Tel Dan "House of David" inscription ...
... Three times Joash defeated him and recovered the cities of Israel." (2 Kings 13:24-25) 3. "The Tel Dan Stela is extraordinary in that it names eight Biblical kings: Ben-Hadad II, Hazael, Joram, Ahab, Ahaziah, Jehoram, David and Jehu. It was most likely erected following Hazael's defeat of Joram and Ahaziah at Ramoth Gilead in ca. 841 BC (2 Kgs 8:28-29). The occasion for the breaking of the stela was probably when Jehoash, king of Israel from 798 to 782, recaptured Israelite territory previously taken by Hazael (2 Kgs 13:24-25). It appears that the monument stood in Dan near the city gate for over four decades. It ... Then he said, "I have been very zealous for the Lord, the God of hosts; for the sons of Israel have forsaken Your covenant, torn down Your altars and killed Your prophets with the sword. And I alone am left; and they seek my life, to take it away." The Lord said to him, "Go, return on your way to the wilderness of Damascus, and when you have arrived, you shall anoint Hazael ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-tel-dan-hazael-stele-ben-hadad-ahab-joram-ahaziah-jehoram-house-of-david-inscription-jehu-841bc.htm
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43: Elijah and Elisha Chronology timeline 870-810 BC
town of Elisha: 830 BC 10. Excavations at Tel Rehov where the Elisha ostraca was found in 2013 AD 11. Six inscriptions of Adad-nirari III Adad-nirari III Inscriptions of Adad-nirari III: 810-783 BC a. ... In 1200 BC Deborah was judging Israel at her "tree" between Ramah and Bethel: "Now Deborah, a prophetess, the wife of Lappidoth, was judging Israel at that time. She used to sit under the palm tree of ... prophet's schools of Elijah: Gilgal, Bethel and Jericho. 2 Kings 2:1ff and 2 Kings 4:38 d. There seemed to be a regular "cycle" that Elijah and Elisha would travel between these cities of Ephraim. e. ... Elijah: Widow of Zarephath's Son: 1 King 17:17-24 b. Elisha: Shunammite Woman's Son: 2 Kings 4:18-37 c. Elisha: Israelite Man who touched the bones of Elisha: 2 Kings 13:20-21 d. Widow of Nain's only ... Jehu answered, "You know very well the man and his talk" meaning, his odd dress was a known way the prophets dressed during this period. Mt 3:4; Zech 13:4. John the baptist dressed in a costume worn ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/chronology/bible-chronology-timeline-Elijah-Elisha-John-the-Baptist-Jesus-types-antitypes-870-810BC.htm
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44: Nelson Glueck's 1938-1940 Excavations at Tell el-Kheleifeh: A ...
... Nelson Glueck remains the paradigm, the focal point of interaction, for the archaeology and historical geography of the Negev and Transjordan. He was a true pioneer, one who has gone before into the wilderness, preparing the way for others to follow. Fig. 18. Nelson Glueck (right) and Albert Henschel, Aqaba 1940. ... Biblical Archaeologist 31: 2-32. 1971a The Stratification of Israelite Megiddo. Eretz Israel 10: 53-57. 1971b The Stratification of Israelite Megiddo. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 31: 302-11. 1972 Excavations at Tel Beer-Sheba. Biblical Archaeologist 35: 111-27. 1973 Beer-Sheba I: Excavations at Tel Beer-Sheba 1969-1971 Seasons. Publications of the Insti-tute of Archaeology 2. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology, University of Tel Aviv. 1975 Investigations at Lachish, The Sanctuary and the Residency (Lachish V). Publications of the Institute of Archaeology 4. Tel Aviv: Insti-tute of Archaeology, University of Tel Aviv. 1981 Arad Inscriptions. Jerusalem: Israel ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ezion-geber-nelson-gluecks-1938-1940-excavations-tell-el-kheleifeh-reappraisal-gary-pratico-1985ad.htm
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45: Archeology of the Oppression, Exodus and Conquest of Israel: ...
... III. Period of Oppression of Israel in Egypt begins: 1556 BC: 1. Rise and expulsion of the Hyksos a. After 100 years of ruling Egypt, the Hyksos are expelled by the 18th dynasty "Moses" pharaoh's b. First 18th dynasty pharaoh: Ahmoses I: 1557 - 1532 BC c. From ancient times, Goshen (Avaris, Tel el-Dab'a) was the main shipping hub at the beginning of the "Way of Horus" coastal road north to Tyre. The Hebrews were very prosperous until the Hyksos arrived and took over the management of Avaris. Like modern port cities with millions of containers being loaded and offloaded from ocean tanker ships, Avaris needed huge storage areas for all the goods. The Hyksos were expelled by the 18th dynasty Pharaohs of Egypt who "Knew ... This refutes the previous notion that Phoenician was the first alphabet and proves beyond doubt that Phoenician was derived directly from Hebrew which is in fact the true Proto-Canaanite alphabet. c. We now also know of four different Hebrew alphabetic scripts, thanks to ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-archeological-evidence-of-the-Exodus-Egyptian-Oppression-Hebrew-Conquest-Israel-Sinai-inscriptions-Jacob-in-Egypt-Joseph-Moses-inscription.htm
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46: 597 BC: Arad Ostraca #24: Letter from Zedekiah to send troops ...
... 35:5) "Edom said, 'These two nations [Israel and Judah] and these two lands will be mine, and we will possess them'" (Ezekiel 35:10) ""As you rejoiced over Israel because it was desolate" (Ezekiel 35:15) ""Because of violence to your brother Jacob, on the day that you stood aloof, on the day that strangers carried off ... Edom will become an extinct nation: "Bozrah will become an object of horror, a reproach, a ruin and a curse; and all its cities will become perpetual ruins." (Jeremiah 49:13) "The arrogance of your (Edom's) heart has deceived you, Though you make your nest as high as an eagle's, I will bring you down from there," ... Possibly "one hundred". 50 and 100 are usual military units: 2 Sam 15:1; 2 Kgs 1:9; 1 Sam 29:2; 2 Kgs 11:4. Ramah-Negev (Tel Ira) is a fortess half way between Arad and Beersheba and is mentioned 2x in the Bible: 1 Sam 30:27; Josh 19:8. Military letters from Tel Ira ostracon #1 reads: "The command of Berekiah (the) Bald; The command of Shelemiah". lit: ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/ostraca/bible-ostraca-ostracon-Arad24-letters-edomite-threat-send-troops-life-and-death-matter-Eliashib-Malchijah-Elisha-Ramah-Negev-Tel-Ira-Kinah-Horvat-Uza-Edom-Zedekiah-597bc.htm
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47: The Exodus Route: Red Sea Camp at the Straits of Tiran
... Geographic reference Israelite Camp: Exodus 14:2,9 Israelite Camp: Num 33:7 Pi-hahiroth "mouth of water" before Pi-hahiroth turn back to Pi-hahiroth Migdol "watchtower" between Migdol and the sea camped before between Migdol Baal-zephon (idol ... With the Egyptian lookouts watching, Israel passed right by them travelling towards Etham where they stopped because of the high mountain range. On way to Etham, Israel passes directly over the spot of the final Red Sea camp, but must first camp at Etham, then ... Click to View 8. High resolution map of the Gulf of Aqaba with the Tiran and Nuweiba crossings. The author first saw this map on the wall of Tel-Aviv university and photographed it while dropping off feral bones excavated at Shiloh to be examined ... earlier part of the 18th Dynasty, the Egyptian chariot was "exactly like the Canaanite chariot" both were constructed of light flexible wood, with leather straps wrapped around the wood to strengthen it, and both utilized wheels with four spokes. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-straits-of-tiran.htm
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48: Absalom's insurrection, Rape of Tamar, Satan child: 990-979 BC ...
Amnon Rapes Tamar; Absalom's Revenge and Munity 990-979 BC: David is 50-59 years old 2 Samuel 13-22 "Now in all Israel was no one as handsome as Absalom, so highly praised; from the sole of his foot ... Part 6: David fulfills Abrahamic land promise. God made three promises to Abraham: Part 7: Absalom: The Satan Child, avenges the rape of Tamar; usurps David's throne Part 8: David's Sinful Census and ... I figured she finally understood and after a minute more of work, again the request came, but this time in a different way. This time she said, "Daddy tuck me in, I am more important than Noah's Ark". ... They shall fine him one hundred pieces of silver which they shall give to the father of the girl, because he (the husband) has tried to ruin the reputation of an Israelite virgin." (Dead Sea Scrolls: ... David orders Abishai to find and kill Sheba. c. Sheba travels north, passing through many cities until he arrives at Abel Beth-maacah, located just west of Dan about 8 km. d. Joab begins building a ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-maps-timeline-chronology-2samuel13-22-tamars-rape-absaloms-mutiny-984-973bc.htm
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49: Kadesh Barnea is located at Petra, Beidha and Basta
Then they turned back and came to En-mishpat (that is, Kadesh), and conquered all the country of the Amalekites, and also the Amorites, who lived in Hazazon-tamar." Genesis 14:6-7. During the time of ... Nebo was part of the promised land. Yet even Kadesh at Petra was inside the land controlled by Israel under Solomon since he conquered the Edomites. The answer is simple to all this. a. First, Rueben asked for the land where Mt. Nebo was even though it was not originally part of the promised land and it was granted by way of concession and added to the promised land. Numbers 32:5; Joshua 22:25-27 ... The Nabatean influence lasted into the Roman period of the Onomasticon. Petra was one of the Nabatean cities given autonomy about 106 A.D. with the establishment of the Roman Province of Arabia. It ... Eusebius places Arad near the Desert of Kadesh Barnea, but the Madaba map places Arad between Beersheba and Egypt rather than between Beersheba and the Dead sea. However the Madaba map is not to scale ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea.htm
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50: The Number of the Exodus Jews. The population of the Exodus Hebrews
... This would translate to 307 units of men for a total of 500 men in submission under 2 units of commanders totaling 600 commanders. d. Here we have "heads of clans" actually being referenced but the only way the use of the word "eleph" makes any sense ... The city was a symbolic refuge for the kingdom and was never intended to house half a million citizens. The small size of Late Bronze age cities, therefore, does not prove small indigenous Canaanite populations of 45,000 (Deut 7:7). Biblical archeologists use small LB II walled city sizes to first generate dramatically deflated populations of Canaanites of 45,000 to then argue Israel could not be 3.5 million. A classic case of circular reasoning based upon a false assumption of population ... were without number: the Lubim, the Sukkiim and the Ethiopians." (2 Chronicles 12:2-3) 4. The Kurkh Monolith of Shalmaneser III, King of Assyria 858-824 BC dates to 852 BC and mentions two Bible characters: "Ahab the Israelite" and "Ben-Hadad II". ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-population-of-jews-hebrews.htm
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