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1: Kadesh-Barnea by Henry Clay Trumbull, 1884 AD
ROAD, 80. (12.) THE BORDER OF EDOM, 83. (13.) A SWEEP TO GAZA, 102. (14.) THE PROMISED LAND S SOUTHERN BOUNDARY, 106. (15.) SEL A PETRA THE ROCK, 124. (16.) THE LOCATION OF MOUNT HOR, ... (.8.) THE CONFUSION OF SITES, 216. (9.) FAIL URES TO RE-FIND ROWLANDS S SITE, 229. V. KADESH-BARNEA: STORY OF A HUNT FOR IT. (1.) ITS ARAB GUARDIANS, 237. (2.) A MID-DESERT STARTING POINT, 243. (3.) FAVORING CIRCUMSTANCES AT ... A SPECIAL STUDY. (1.) THE BARRIER TO ISRAEL S PASSAGE, 325. (2.) KHETAM AND ETHAM, 327. (3.) THE THREE ROADS DESERTWARD, 337. (4.) THE PIIILISTIA ROAD, 338. (5.) THE WALL ROAD, 340. (6.) THE ... records." 2 " Not only are the names of the encampments [during the wan- 288; Winer, in Bibl. Realworterb., Art. " Wiiste, Arabische;" Tuch, in "Kemarks on Gen. XIV.," in Jour, of Sac. ... Hist. ofEyyjit, II., 387, 389, 390.). 396 KADESH-BARNEA. at] Succoth." And when they had all gathered at that Tenting- placc near the lakes, and were finally ready for their pilgrimage ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-henry-clay-trumbull-1884ad.htm
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2: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-johann-heinrich-kurtz-history ...
below the Dead Sea, by either Ain Hasb or Ein El Weibeh, is successfully refuted." (Keil and Delitzsch, Num 12:16, footnote) When you read Kurtz's actual evidence that Kadesh Barnea could not be transjordan, this is what Kurtz said: ""This mountain barrier," says Williams, "proved to us beyond a doubt, that we were now standing on the southern boundary of the promised land." ... The march of the Israelites from Sinai to the southern borders of Palestine, which brought them into the desert of Paran at the end of three GEOGRAPHICAL SURVEY. 219 days (Num. x. 12, 33), though, they ... There suddenly rises from the plain a strong mountain fastness, of a rhomboid shape and of the same breadth as the "Wady el-Jerafeh, at the point where it joins the Arab ah ; and this mountain covers the ... of es-Sufah, set out from Arar, and, after travelling to the southwest along hitherto untrodden roads, and crossing several lofty plateaux, at length reached a point on the edge of the tableland of ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-johann-heinrich-kurtz-history-of-the-old-covenant-1872ad.htm
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3: Historical search for Kadesh Barnea from 1000 BC - Present
Chronological history of the search for Kadesh Barnea: Introduction: 1. The search for Kadesh Barnea has been misguided. This reminds us of that classic moment in the Indiana Jones movie, ... Qudeirat) but 100 km east at or near Petra. a. The Hebrews left Egypt in 1446 BC and spent 38 years at Kadesh and then entered the promised land in 1406 BC. b. Many people are unaware that historically, Kadesh was thought to be ... This not only rules out the Bitter Lakes and a North Suez crossing point, it also proves Mt. Sinai cannot be in the Sinai Peninsula. Philo's use of the terms Arab and Arabia, were restricted ... Latin combines K. 112:7 and K. 112:8. Some confusion in order of this and the next three entries. A summary of biblical information from Numbers 21:1, 11; Numbers 27:14 and Genesis 14:7. A ... These roads running out to north, south, east and west - all directions in which journeys were planned or made from Kadesh-Barnea - together with its abundance of water and wide stretch of ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-historical-search.htm
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4: Mt. Sinai located in Arabia: Galatian 4:25
Arabia in the first century was composed of only two Transjordan territories, not three. b. Arabia Felix, in which many Arab nations lived, including the Nabatean kingdom. Nabatea was a geographic area inside ... Josephus is the only ancient geographer to say that Midian at the Wilderness of Shur was the land of Troglodytis. Josephus understood that originally, all the sons of Ketura had located near the Egyptian, ... The Edomites went extinct around 550 BC and the Ishmaelites living in traditional ancient Arabia moved north and east from Midian to the ancient site of Kadesh Barnea at Petra. Petra was an excellent choice as the location of their capital city since it lies at the major crossroad of three caravan roads that feed southern Arabia, Babylon, Israel, and ... Identifying the southern border of the promised land with Rhinocolura/Arish echoes Gen 15:18 and proves Kadesh Barnea cannot be at Ain el-Qudeirat because it is inside the promised land, in spite of the fact that ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-Mount-Sinai-in-Arabia-exodus-route-Nabatean-kingdom-territory-AretasIV-Arabia-Petrea-New-Testamt-Mt-Sinai-Lawz-Ishmael-Apostle-Paul-36AD-Galatians-4-25.htm
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5: Sinai and Palestine, in connection with their history: Kadesh ...
Sinai and Palestine, in connection with their history Kadesh Barnea is Petra Arthur Penrhyn Stanley 1856 AD XIV.-THE ARABAH. Our journey for the first two days was along ... Robinson to be the remains of Elath. On the east is a low gap in the hills with three low peaks visible beyond. This is the Wady Ithm, which turns the eastern range of the 'Arabah, and through which the Israelites must have passed on their way to Moab. It is still one of the regular roads to Petra, and in ... The situation " by the coast of the land of Edom," where it is emphatically "the mountain" (Hor). Numb. xx. 23, (2). The statement of Josephus (Ant. IV. iv. 7), that ... of it, there must have been visible the heights through which the Israelites had vainly attempted to force their way into the Promised Land. This was the western view. ... The larger excavations are temples; the others may be divided between modern (i. e., Roman or Arab) tombs, and Edomite or Horite [The name of the "Horim," who preceded ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-arthur-penrhyn-stanley-sinai-and-palestine-in-connection-with-their-history-1856ad.htm
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6: Zedekiah, Matteniah King of Judah 597-587 BC The Chronological ...
Jesus was a successful king who sought to lose his own life but saved his people from death. Josiah The Promised Child Outline Jehoiakim The Bible Burner Outline ... Arad Ostraca #40, #24 1. Jeremiah chapters 7-20, 24 is spoken shortly after Zedekiah becomes king 2. Three times God told Jeremiah NOT to pray to him about Judah: ... the land of Judah: Arad Ostracon #40, Arad Ostracon #24 c. "At age 30, Esau moves from Judah to Seir, conquers the Horites in 1926 BC and begins to occupy their historic Transjordan territory east of the Arabah valley in the highlands of modern Jordan. During the time of the Exodus 1446 BC, Edom's territory ran beside Kadesh Barnea ... visited the two sites in 1971. At Anata, all the sherds found were Arab and Byzantine (as Blair had observed), with the exception of one possible Iron II sherd. ... The Arad ostraca archeologically witness to Edom actually standing at the fork of a road (two roads merge into one as refugees flee Jerusalem). 3. Edom burned the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-Zedekiah-Matteniah-last-king-of-judah-seal-bulla-cave-597-587bc
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7: Petra, Jordan: Biblical Kadesh Barnea, Sela, Joktheel, En-mishpat ...
Hor was Transjordan outside the promise land only one stop from Kadesh. 4. All Bible maps since 1916 AD wrongly locate Kadesh Barnea at ein el-Qudeirat which is 27 km inside formal stated boundary of the promised land. Israel did not spend 38 years in the wilderness in the territory given to Judah. So the current choice of Kadesh at Qudeirat is wrong for three reasons: a. Scripture explicitly places Kadesh Barnea Transjordan, yet Qudeirat is cisjordan. b. Scripture explicitly says Kadesh Barnea is outside the promised land, yet Qudeirat is 27 km inside Judea and Simeon ... The most important spring, 'Ain Musa, is located alongside the main road, at the point where the roads from Shobak and Aqaba converge at the eastern entrance of the town." (Petra: a guide to the capital of the Nabataeans, Rami G. Khouri, 1986, p11-27, p41-44) Click to View Although In 15 AD, Strabo noted that many springs and an abundance of water, today there are very few springs flowing at Petra: "The first ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra.htm
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8: The Exodus Route: 15 Stops between Kadesh Barnea to Jordan
B. From Kadesh Barnea, Moses sent the 12 spies to the northern edge of the wilderness of Zin across the Arabah valley into the Negev. It is important to note that Israel never actually sets foot in the negev during the 40 years in the wilderness. This proves that Kadesh Barnea cannot be at Ein el-Qudeirat or Ein Qedeis, since both are in the Negev, not to mention within the formal boundaries of the promised land. "When Moses ... Did he ever strive with Israel, or did he ever fight against them? 'While Israel lived in Heshbon and its villages, and in Aroer and its villages, and in all the cities that are on the banks of the Arnon, three hundred years, why did you not recover them within that time?" Judges ... Excavations were conducted at Dibon between 1950 and 1956; these investigations recovered material from the Early Bronze, Iron Ages I-II, Nabatean, Roman, Byzantine, and Arab periods (3000 b.c.-a.d. 1500), but there is a notable absence of Middle and Late Bronze Age remains. The ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-kadesh-barnea-jordan.htm
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9: Exodus Route: Men who misled the world away from truth
... Both churches are particularly uninterested in archaeological excavation and research that might produce conclusions at variance to currently held church understanding, because they feel certain they already have the answers. #3: Henry Clay Trumbull AD 1881 Deception: Kadesh Barnea inside the promised land Henry Clay Trumbull: 1881 AD: Kadesh Barnea ... There is no known archaeology in Saudi Arabia or anywhere near Mt. Lawz that coincides with the Late Bronze Age period of the exodus at the time of Moses. b. Professional, three-dimensional, gridded excavations by the Saudis in their AD 2002 "Al-Bid" report (1423 H.) proves the "infamous" sites popularized as being ... Sinai is not at Jebel el-Lawz in Saudi Arabia" (2001 AD) c. "Where is Mount Sinai in Arabia (Galatians 4:25)?" (Bible and Spade, 2013 AD) d. "Where Is Mount Sinai In Arabia?" (Bible and Spade, 2015 AD) 3. Using Herodotus, Gordon Franz correctly identified the Arab occupied areas at Goshen inside Egypt and then infers, ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/exodus/bible-archaeology-Exodus-Route-deception-Apion-Queen-Helena-Henry-Trumbull-Ron-Wyatt-Bob-Cornuke-Lennart-Moller-Jim-Caldwell-Ryan-Mauro-Gordon-Franz-David-Rohl.htm
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10: Solomon's network of military border fortresses in the Negev
By simply plotting the locations of these fortresses, we can therefore determine where the border between Israel and Egypt lie, from an archeological point of view. Special attention is placed in this study on refuting Qudeirat as a candidate for Kadesh Barnea. One of the problems with locating Kadesh Barnea at Ein el Qudeirat or Ein el Qedeis, is that it is 28 km inside the formal border of the promised land. Stated simply, Israel ... contour of lookout plateau or hill top. "The archaeological findings reveal, first of all, that a network of fortresses, including the first three types, existed in the 10th century B.C., and that most of the sites, after a brief phase of occupation, were permanently abandoned. ... 9th or 8th centuries B.C.E. Historically, this building may be attributed to Jehoshaphat, who reigned in Judah in the years 870-846 B.C.E. This king attempted to enter the Red Sea trade, appointing a governor in Edom and building protective forts along the roads in the South. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-davids-negev-border-fortress-network.htm
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11: Ein El-Qudeirat is not Kadesh Barnea: : Wrongly identified as ...
... This one was found in the youngest (highest) level about 700 BC. It is a conversion chart between Hebrew and Egyptian numbering systems. Click to View A. Top 10 reasons why Ein El-Qudeirat cannot be Kadesh Barnea: Ein El-Qudeirat cannot be Kadesh Barnea because it directly contradicts the Bible. Qudeirat is located 27 km inside the promised land. The wadi Al-Arish, or River of Egypt, was the ... The largest oasis area in the modern Sinai will produce many major roads from all directions. Quseima was the "Time Square" or "Grand Central Station" of the Sinai. Quseima is the center of a four major ancient crossroads (Darb Esh-Sherif, Darb El Ghazza, Darb Ez Aaul, Darb El Arish) Not only was Qudeirat the largest single oasis in the Sinai, it was one of four springs in close proximity to each other. The four springs of the Quseima district are listed here from largest to smallest: Qudeirat, Qedeis, Quseima and Ein Muweileh. Solomon built three border fortresses in close proximity to ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortresses-ein-el-qudeirat.htm
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12: Ein El Weibeh: K. Von Raumer's choice for Kadesh Barnea in 1831 ...
... Click to View Click to View Of course neither of these could be Kadesh because the western edge of the Arabah valley was the Territory of Judah. Kadesh Barnea cannot be located Ein Hasb or Ein El Weibeh or Ein el Qudeirat for the same reason: Kadesh was not located with in the promised land. Click to View In 1856, Arthur Penrhyn Stanley rejected Weibeh and stated that Petra was the location of Kadesh. Speaking of Mt. ... people abode in Kadesh-supposed to be what is now known as ein-el-weibeh, three springs surrounded by palms." (Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Jamieson, Fausset, Brown, 1871 AD, Num 20:1 ) In 1872, Johann Heinrich Kurtz accepts Ein el Qedeis as Kadesh Barnea. ... the state, and kept up for the king and his armies to travel upon, and is synonymous with the "sultan-road" (Derb es Sultan) or "emperor road," as the open, broad, old military roads are still called in the East (cf. Robinson, Pal. ii. 340; Seetzen, i. pp. 61, 132, ii. pp. 336, etc.). ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-el-weibeh.htm
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13: (The Iron Age Fortresses in the Central Negev, Rudolph Cohen ...
... The "Way of the Spies," for instance, was the course taken by the Israelites who, spurning Moses' admonition, attempted to enter the Promised Land from the south, but were routed and repelled by the king of Arad (Num 21:1). From this account it follows that the "Way of the Spies" was the principal route from Kadesh-barnea to Arad, and during the time of the Monarchy fortresses and settlements were planted at strategic points all along its length, the ... During the Monarchy it was guarded by the fortresses of Ruheibeh and Be'erotayim. The Bible mentions additional roads belonging to the same complex: the "Way of Mount Seir (Deut 1:1-2); the "Way of the Mount of the Amorites" (Deut 1:19); and the "Way of the Red Sea" ... The size of the casemate rooms, all of which were excavated, varies: width ca. 1.50-2.00 m.; length ca. 5.50-8.00 m. A circular stone basin was found in one of the casemate rooms, and three rectangular stone basins in another (fig. 4). The gate, on the southeastern side ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-iron-age-fortresses-central-negev-rudolph-cohen-1979ad.htm
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14: The Wilderness of Zin, C. Leonard Woolley and T. E. Lawrence ...
It does not mean `holy', as Trumbull and other writers have assumed.) was so reminiscent of Kadesh-Barnea of the Israelites, that as soon as it was recorded of a spring it naturally loomed up in western eyes with an importance inexplicable locally. The Arabs know nothing of a plain of Ain Kadeis: to them the name is that of a water-spring in a small valley called after it, and the great area of low land outside the mouth of this ... Ain Kadeis is too small to water the flocks of other than the few poor families who live near it, and, as we found, too remote from all roads to come to the notice of such Arab guides as live at any distance. But this native ignorance was interpreted as deep-seated policy, and so foreigners came ... A circular well, stoned up from the bottom with time-worn limestone blocks, was the first receptacle of the water... the mouth of this well was only about three feet in diameter, and the water came to within three or four feet of the top. A little distance ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-woolley-lawrence-the-wilderness-of-zin-1914-1915ad.htm
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15: The Exodus Route: A scriptural proof, with the witness of history ...
... Highway" through the Wilderness of Shur and the land of Midian, then travelled 3 more days (day 28-30) and arrived at the second Red Sea camp, then one more day to reach the wilderness of Sin. ... Moses descends and tells the people to take an oath to obey the laws of YHWH (Ex 19:3-8). On day 50 (Thursday, Sivan 4), God tells Israel to prepare for three days (Friday - Sunday) at the end of ... The journey from Mt. Sinai through Ezion Geber (Numbers 33:35-36) to Kadesh Barnea, was 20 stops over a period of about 11 months. Israel spends 38 years camped at Kadesh Barnea located at modern Petra. ... The Philistines had restricted Israel's possession of the promised land to the central hill country until 1003 BC. After 6 years of conquest war, on the first Sabbatical year of 1399 BC, Israel ... Josephus also names one of the springs at Petra, at the top of the Siq "Ain Musa" or "Spring of Moses". Both of these names are in use today among the Arab population. In the Late Bronze age of the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route.htm
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16: The Edomites: From Esau to Edom to Idumea to Extinction 2006BC ...
The Edomites Introduction: Quick links in this document: a. Section I: Edom's territory and locating Kadesh Barnea during the Exodus: 1446 BC b. Section II: Edom's participation in Babylonian Captivity of 605-587 ... 33:14-16 c. 1929-1926 BC: After Isaac "the heir" had returned, it took Esau about three years to realize he had no future there and decide to move Transjordan. d. 1926 BC: Esau moves EVERYTHING out of Canaan into Mt. Seir formally founding the nation of Edom: Genesis 36:6-8 Seir was the first inhabitant of the "land of Seir" (Gen 36:30) before the birth of Esau. ... Archeology proves Edom did not come into Judah until 605 BC. Therefore since Kadesh was on the border of Edom, it must be south east of the dead sea at or near Petra. This is also outside the promised ... The Arabs displace the Edomites and eventually began to occupy Petra which was the capital city of the Arabian Nabatean kingdom in the first century. "With Arab pressure on Edomite territory is to be ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-edomite-territory-mt-seir.htm
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17: Exodus Route Maps: Old, Ancient, Antique, Vintage and Modern ...
... Barnea. Since they published their work in 1916 AD down to the present time, almost every map in the back of every Bible places Kadesh Barnea at Ein el-Qudeirat. This is most unfortunate for a number of reasons, mainly because it is inside the promised land. 15. See also: The Chronological History of "The search for Kadesh" 16. We invite you to consider the crossing of the Red Sea at the Straits of Tiran, Mt. ... Herodotus knew full well that Arabia proper was nowhere near Egypt. His comments that lead some to put "Arabia in Egypt" are rather simple to explain: 1. "Arabian cities" in the Nile Delta are merely Arab immigrants who formed a majority population in a city inside Egypt. There is a "China ... Bachiene should get an award for giving us a much improved Gulf of Aqaba! Someone must have finally sailed the Red Sea and brought back a new map with new information! Three years later Bachiene (1759 AD) gave a similar version of this same shape. Note that Ezion Geber is correctly mapped ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-maps.htm
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18: Ein El Qedeis: "Piltdown Kadesh" Kadesh Barnea: 1881 - 1916 AD
... Trumbell writes: "His [John Rowlands] Bible studies had satisfied him of the general location of Kadesh barnea, on the southern border of Canaan, and he became interested in a search for its site. His first movement in this direction was with his friend Williams, in a trip from Hebron, southward, in October, 1842, under the guidance of "Sheikh Salini of the Teahars"(Teeyahah?) Their discovery of the southern border line of the Promised Land, in the natural barrier of the Smooth Mountain (Mount ... AD, p 308) Trumbull in his final argument in chosing ein Qedeis as Kadesh leans heavily on the similar sounding name: "And the place itself bears the equivalent name of Kadesh in three-fold form, as Jebel Qadees, AVady Qadees, and Ayn Qadees. ... And as to the name of the oasis, about which Robinson and others were so in credulous, it is Qadees, as it was written for me in Arabic by my intelligent Arab dragoman, a similar name to that of Jerusalem, El-Quds, the Holy; the equivalent of ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortresses-ein-qedeis.htm
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19: The border Between Judah and Egypt: River of Egypt, Wadi el-Arish ...
... So, Israel was already inside the promised land before they left Goshen! If the Pelusiac arm of the Nile is the southern border of the promised land in Gen 15:18, then Israel was in the promised land before they crossed the Red Sea and at ... Although there is a single passage that says Judah's border extended down to the Red Sea (Elat/Ezion Geber), this did not happen until the time of Solomon about 950 BC. Almost every Bible map since 1916 AD has wrongly located Kadesh Barnea 27 KM inside the land of Judah ... Thutmoses III was Pharaoh in 1446 BC for a total of 54 years. (1485-1431). But there were three distinct phases to his rule. 1485-1464: Regnal years 0-21: First was when he was a baby and his stepmother Hatshepsut ruled as co-regent for 21 ... Remember that Serabit el-Khadim was the other major mine in the Sinai under Egyptian control. 7. This underscores how absurd it is to suggest the exodus route traveled through central Sinai using the same roads that the Egyptian miners used ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-southern-border-judah-territory-river-of-egypt-wadi-el-arish-tharu-rhinocolu.htm
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20: The Madaba map (mosaic floor) 542 AD St. George's Orthodox church ...
Click to View In 622 AD, the Muslims slit the throats of most of the Christians living from Egypt to Constantinople, including the promised land and the city of Madaba, Jordan. The dark ages of ... So, like their modern Muslim archeological counterparts who excavate the Temple mount with a bull dozer and grind 2000 year old artifacts into gravel for the roads, they defaced the mosaic where it ... B. The exodus route: Border of Egypt 1. The Wadi el-Arish is the same as the River of Egypt in Gen 15:18 Click to View 2. All Bible maps have wrongly located Kadesh Barnea at Ein el-Qudeirat since 1916 ... The port of Arish is also called Tharu and Rhinocolura. These three names refer to the same place. Rhinocolura gets its name from the fact it was a prison city for criminals of Egypt whom the ... The Bible clearly shows that the border between Egypt and Israel was just north of the Wadi al-Arish: Genesis 15:18; Joshua 15:4,47. The Wadi al-Arish is the southern/eastern border of the promised ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-madaba-map.htm
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21: Exodus route and Conquest: Hormah, Tamar, Way of the Spies
Biblical Tamar, 30 miles south of the Dead Sea, was one of the main cities on the spice trade. More than 25,000 objects ranging from the First Temple period to the early Arab period have been ... of a city name to another location, and then locate Hormah at Tel Masos (Kh. el-Meshash), three miles to the west of Tel Malhata.6 The occupational history of Tel Masos is similar to that of ... The "Way of the Atharim" (derek hā˒ătārīm) was described by Y. Aharoni as "leading from Kadesh-barnea to Arad," along which the fortresses of Bir Hafir, Oboda, and Aroer were built during the ... This gave rise to the tradition that the Israelites under Moses tried to enter the land through the same route as the previous generation. But this identification is untenable on linguistic, ... There is no hint in the text of Moses even attempting to circumvent Yahweh's directive against him leading the Israelites into the Promised Land, though no doubt he would have desired to do so. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-way-of-spies-hormah.htm
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22: Nuweiba Beach Red Sea crossing: Rejected, debunked, refuted
... Christ in AD 33 being revealed on the day of Pentecost fulfilling Isa 2:1-4 and Acts 2:1. In three different places Augustine not only calculated a 47 day journey, he highlighted the messianic ... Both the Gulf of Aqaba and Suez are called the Red Sea in scripture. There were numerous roads called the "way to the Red Sea" in the Bible, depending on your starting destination. Roadways were ... In 1444 BC, the "way to the Red Sea" was the road in the Arabah valley from Kadesh Barnea at Petra towards Ezion Geber (Elat): Numbers 14:25 v. In 1407 BC, the "way to the Red Sea" was the road in the ... 11. Ballah and Timsah lakes were inside Goshen and cannot be the Red Sea crossing sites: a. Ballah lake and Timsah lake cannot be the Red Sea crossing site because they are inside the land Goshen. ... The Wadi el-Arish is the historic border between Egypt and Israel: The Southern border of the promised land is the Wadi el-Arish (River of Egypt): Gen 15:18; 1 Ki 8:65; 2 Ki 24:7; 2 Chr 7:8; Isa ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-ruling-out-candiates-excluding-red-sea-crossing-points-kadesh-barnea.htm
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23: Timna
... Three types of pottery were found: hand made, ordinary wheel made and two colour Midianite. The identical Midianite pottery has been found at Timna, Jezirat Faraun, Al-Bad (near the Straits of Tiran) and Qurayyah north east of Mt. Al-Lawz, where they found the factory where the Midianite pottery was ... Remember that Serabit el-Khadim was the other major mine in the Sinai under Egyptian control. This underscores how absurd it is to suggest the exodus route traveled through central Sinai using the same roads that the Egyptian miners used between Timna and Egypt. We know that the promised land did not originally extent all the way down to the Red Sea (Gulf of Aqaba). Now we know the ... There was no evidence of settled occupation to be found. This proved true even at the site generally identified with Kadesh-Barnea ('Ein Qudeirat). It was not occupied until the tenth century B.C.E at the earliest, and its fortress was constructed only in the ninth century." (Israelite Origins, An Interview ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-timna.htm
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24: The Exodus Route: Wilderness of Shur
... Diodorus 49 BC, 3.44.1-2) 7. Finally, the Chronicle of Theophanes was a yearly diary of events from the 3rd to 9th century AD and was written in 813 AD. For the diary of world events in AD 629, Theophanes calls Muhammed the Arab "leader and false prophet of the Saracens ... descendant of ... Overview map with all the locations between the Red Sea crossing and Mt. Sinai with distances and times. Click to View Aerial view of the Wilderness of Shur and the exodus route. They went three days in the Wilderness of Shur and came to Marah: Num 33:8 Click to View Jethro's hometown, Mt. ... Since Kadesh Barnea is in the Wilderness of Paran, and since Kadesh is also 20 km inside the wadi el-Arish within Judean territory, that makes the Wilderness of Paran also inside the land belonging to the tribe of Judah. Overlooking how ridiculous it is to place Kadesh Barnea at Ein el-Qudeirat since this means Israel spent 38 years "in the wilderness", inside the promised land, but they didn't know it. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-wilderness-of-shur-ishmaelites-midianites-amalekites.htm
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25: The Exodus Route: Goshen and Ramses
... Here we have direct evidence that the Wadi el-Arish is the history southern border of the promised land. This rules out Ain el-Qudeirat as Kadesh Barnea found in every map found in the back of Bibles and Mt. Karkom as Mt. Sinai. D. Archeological evidence of Israel in Egypt: Lake Goshen 1. Goshen included Wadi Tumilat and lake Timsah: a. "But even more conclusive ... Sons of Jacob, New Evidence for the Presence of the Israelites in Egypt, Bryant G. Wood, Bible and Spade, p53, 1997 AD) 2. "We can divide the history of the site into three periods: pre-Hyksos, Hyksos and post-Hyksos. The Hyksos were a Semitic people from Syria-Palestine, who took up residence in the eastern Nile Delta and eventually ruled northern Egypt for some 108 years, ca. 1663-1555 BC (15th Dynasty). Jacob and his family arrived in Egypt around 1880 BC, based on an Exodus date of ca. 1450 BC. That was in the pre-Hyksos period when the name of the town was Rowaty, "the door of the two roads" (Bietak 1996: 9, 19). ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-goshen.htm
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26: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-qedeis-the-Biblical ...
... H Clay Trumbull, editor of the Sunday-School Times, who in 1881 rediscovered the site, describing his search for it at length in his scholarly work entitled Kadesh-Barnea (1884), but whose ... In like manner, Dr. Stewart, an English clergyman, in 1853, and Dr. W. M. Thompson, of the Land and the Book, and President Bartlett in 1874, were baffled in their attempts to visit this ... Finally, we came to the broad plain of Kadesh itself, being guided by a Teyahah Arab whom we had secured the day before. We crossed the plain, which was extensive, to its northern border and encamped at the base of the foot-hills ... We were bidden to strike with our palm-clubs anyone who should seize our camels, or cause them to kneel. Meanwhile one more attempt would be made to arrange matters amicably. just then three ... The formality of this little episode had a salutary effect upon them. Sheikh Salimi suddenly lost courage, promised that he would not further oppose us, and requested that his name be ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-qedeis-the-biblical-world-george-l-robinson-1901ad.htm
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27: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-rami-g-khouri-petra ...
... The noted British artist David Roberts visited Petra in 1839, during his travels through Egypt and the Holy Land, and made a series of now famous and often remarkably accurate drawings that are collectors' items today. The great English explorer C.M. Doughty ... The village is the home of the Liyatneh tribe, who number many thousands of people, and include among their sons and daughters scores of highly educated professionals serving throughout Jordan and the Arab World. The name Wadi Musa derives from the legend of Moses striking a rock here and creating twelve springs of water. The most important spring, 'Ain Musa, is located alongside the main road, at the point where the roads from Shobak and Aqaba converge at the eastern ... It passes behind the two boulder-like rocks that protrude from the cliff-face, just beyond the dam as you start the descent into the Siq. Both rocks have graves cut into their tops, but are not visible from ground level. The grave in the second rock has three ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-rami-g-khouri-petra-a-guide-to-the-capital-of-the-nabataeans-1986ad.htm
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28: The Number of the Exodus Jews. The population of the Exodus Hebrews
We find no reason to question this number for any reason. e. Israel was "as the sand on the seashore" when they left Egypt and went to occupy the promised land. f. 9 million live in modern Israel today. 3 million in 1446 BC is a very believable number. ... Numbers 4:45-48 4. 1446 BC 3000 killed by Levites Golden Calf at Sinai Exodus 32:28,35 5. 1430 BC 14,700 killed by God Kadesh Barnea Numbers 16:49 6. 1407 BC many killed by snakes Zered river Numbers 21:6 7. 1406 BC 23-24,000 killed by God Immorality ... When we compare the grand total with the actual sum of the 12 tribes, we find that that number of clans does not match and the number of individual men is way off. B. Defining "eleph" to mean clans destroys the inspiration of scripture: 1. Three ... This highway had no curbs or telephone poles lining the sides. The kings highway did not have a dotted yellow dividing line on it. It had no paving stones, like in later Roman roads. It was a general path with a wide swath. Amazingly, the exodus ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-population-of-jews-hebrews.htm
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29: The Exodus Route: The Archaeology of Mt. Lawz as Mt. Sinai
... Although Fritz suggests that each of Rooms 1,2,3 individually (3 x 3 meter) about the same size of the Altar of Burnt incense for the Mosaic tabernacle (2.7 meters), he envisions one large altar composited of all three rooms, covered with brass grating that is a rectangle of 3 x 9 meters. A single ... Since the L-shaped installation was Nabatean, Mampsis a Nabatean city, provides an excellent comparative for contemporary room sizes. Mampsis or Mamshit, is located 35 km SE of Beersheba, 30 km SW of Arad, 27 km west of the Salt Sea and 25 km NE of Glen Fritz's location for Kadesh Barnea, (which he puzzlingly locates deep inside the tribal territory of Judah of the promised land). Mampsis was the ... The two authors did not even attempt to see the pictures of Pharonic Apis and Hathor, which are absolutely different from those, carved on Jabal al-Lawz. They did not tried to read previous reports published by American, European and Arab archaeologist on al-Bid and Magha it Sho aib area where ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-mt-sinai.htm
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30: Sabbatatrians Refuted and Sabbath keepers Exposed: 2011 AD
... Moses record the fact that Israel was using a lunar calendar at the time of the Exodus is as unreasonable as demanding that Robert Hemingway explain that in the age he wrote in, there were things called cars that drove on things called roads. ... Jewish tradition taught that the "Noachian Laws" were given to every person on Earth around the time of the Great Flood. As we mention elsewhere, there is only Scriptural support for three of the seven laws. The key point, however, is that the ... APOLOGIST BRENDAN: From the time that the Israelites refused to enter the Promised Land at Kadesh, the Scriptures reveal that the Hebrews were forbidden from performing circumcision (Joshua 5:7) and the entire next generation who entered the promised land were ... Baden Powell to find that "these writers in any instance pretend to allege any Divine command, or even apostolic practice, in support of its observance." (Kitto's Cyclop. of Bibl. Lit., ii. 270, 1st ed.) Two of them however, Barnabas and Justin ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/7-lying-for-god-Kerry-Wynne.htm
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31: Rehoboam, Shishak I (945-924 BC ) Canaan battle relief topographical ...
... Perhaps the angels understand the antitypical importance. Abraham fled to Egypt and returned to Ai to be given the promised land. Israel was called out of Egypt during the exodus: "When Israel was ... And she bore for Jeroboam Abijah his son. f. 24f And Jeroboam said to Shishak, "Send me out truly, and I will depart." And Jeroboam came out from Egypt, and he came to the land of Sarira, which was ... XI:4 ngrn? "well of the threshing floor" Ain Goren. (not likely Ekron) Possibly "Ain", Ain, Qudeirat, misidentified as Kadesh Barnea since 1914 AD. However we know there was a fortress at Qudeirat that ... Kitchen also explains why the mention of David-or, rather, the "Heights of David"-makes excellent sense in the Shishak list of toponyms. The list is divided into three main sections, differentiated ... spice road. ... the Nabataean road see Meshel and Tsafrir 1974. The situation described by no means implies that there was no connection between the fortresses and roads (Finkelstein 1984: 190). ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-sheshonq-I-shoshenq-shishak-shishaq-bubastite-karnak-conquest-campaign-canaan-battle-relief-topographical-list-187-cities-conquered-name-rings-926bc.htm
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32: The Fortresses at En Haseva Rudolph Cohen 1994
... Roll 1989:252-260) that depended principally on towers, forts, and fortresses erected along strategic roads. The inhabitants of the southeast-ern frontier of the Roman Empire, be-tween the Euphrates and the Red Sea, were Arab tribes called Saracens (Graf 1978; Parker 1985; Gichon 1986; Mayer-son 1986) who conducted razzia, with ... While some sections of the walls were destroyed completely, others still stand 2 m high. The fortress's offset-inset wall was 3 m wide at each offset and 2.5 m wide at each inset, with three projecting corner towers. ... Toy (Cohen 1985; 1988/89a); and the fortress with projecting towers, like the middle and upper fortresses at Tel Kadesh-Barnea (Cohen 1981; 1983a) and the fot tiess at Horvat Uzza (Beit-Arieh 1986), which is rectangular. ... Tamar (Ezek 47:19; 48:28) and with Tamara mentioned in the Roman and Byzantine sources cited. 1 Kgs 9:17-18 states that "Solomon built Gezer, Beth-boron the Lower, Baalath and Tamar in the wilderness, in the land." ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-fortress-at-ein-haseva-rudolph-cohen-1994ad.htm
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33: Archaeology and the Religions of Canaan and Israel, Beth Alpert ...
... This suggests that the power of a ruling elite was not absolute for its ability to retain authority depended upon others. Other than the main roads that linked the four city gates and the ... Most houses were small and two-roomed, haphazardly set along narrow streets (Stratum VII). In contrast, Building 64 was a three-roomed house, the contents and installations of which suggest both ... Kuntillet ªAjrud was a mid-ninth to mid-eighth century B.C.E. caravanserai located about 50 km south of Kadesh Barnea. The site's location at the juncture of desert crossroads and the number of nearby ... At Samaria, Locus E 207 refers to a trench located some 635 m southeast of the city gate. It was dug to form and encircle a trapezoidal rock "island" which remained attached to the land by a narrow ... in Lev 26:30 (in which Yahweh threatened to destroy Israelite bOmôt) and Num 33:52 (in which the Israelites were instructed to destroy Canaanite bOmôt as they took control of the Promised Land). ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-archaeology-and-the-religions-of-Canaan-and-israel-beth-alpert-nakhai.htm
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34: Jesus Master Builder carpenter stonemason creator build temple ...
... Twice God gave Israel water to drink through Moses: At Sinai (11 months) and Kadesh Barnea (38 years) b. "and all drank the same spiritual drink, for they were drinking from a spiritual rock [petra: ... And as he promised them this beforehand, so he did not break his word with them, (390) but got ready a thousand wagons, that were to bring stones for the building [Tekton], and chose out ten ... the doorstep doesn't see him for three days, or he sponges on his grandmother - an indigent old woman - or he climbs on the roof and sits there with his feet dangling, like an ape, looking down. ... that city, shake the dust off your feet. "Truly I say to you, it will be more tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomorrah in the day of judgment than for that city." (Matthew 10:9-15) b. ... to public roads and sidewalks: a. "A person may bring along his stones and unload them in the public way at the door of his house, in order to bring them up to the top layer [of the wall]. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Jesus-master-builder-archi-tekton-stonemason-carpenter-foundations-corner-stones-rock-sand-yokes-plows-creator-temple-synagogues-church.htm
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35: The southern border of Judah and Kadesh Barnea at Petra
Most maps wrongly place Kadesh at ein el-Qudeirat and draw border line south of Qudeirat. The problem with this should be obvious to anyone who believes the Bible is both inspired and error free. If you draw the border south of Qudeirat, then Kadesh Barnea is inside the promised land! When you correctly place Kadesh where Eusebius said it was located, at Petra, then it all becomes simple and clear. The Brook of Egypt (Wadi el-Arish) is the border between Israel and Egypt. Numbers 34:3-5 Joshua 15:1-4 Imagine you ... That is because Qudeirat is in a direct line towards the Brook of Egypt and two of the four reference points of the compass are essentially the same. Only when you locate Kadesh at Petra do you have a square box with four corners, not a triangle with two dots on one of the three sides. There are four dots on the border in Ezekiel 47:19. This creates a box with four dots in a square. Is makes no sense to have two locations named for a single dot. "The south side toward the south ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-southern-border-judah-territory.htm
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36: Kadesh Barnea is located at Petra, Beidha and Basta
Introduction: 1. It is our conclusion that Kadesh Barnea is located Transjordan at Petra between El Beidha and Basta. a. El Beidha (5 km north of Petra) was a commercial tool manufacturing and mass food production center. There were no residential dwellings in the final occupation Phase C which was built by Moses in 1444 BC then abandoned 38 years later in 1406 BC. b. Basta (12 km SE of Petra) was a mass production meat packing plant and crop storage center. An massive assemblage of 100,000 kosher bones were excavated on the production floors. Like Beidha, Basta was built by Moses then abandoned. 2. Israel departs from Sinai for promised land after spending 11 ... This reflects again the uncertainty of editorial additions and of the use of Arabia in the Onomasticon (K. 110:27). Latin combines K. 112:7 and K. 112:8. Some confusion in order of this and the next three entries. A summary of biblical information from Numbers 21:1, 11; Numbers 27:14 and Genesis 14:7. A tomb tradition is here. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea.htm
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37: Excavations At Kadesh-Barnea: 1976-1978, Ein el-Qudeirat, Rudolph ...
General view of Tell el-Qudeirat and the adjacent Wadi. Left: The fortress of 'Ain Qedeis. Right: A casemate room in the fortress. Kadesh-barnea in the Bible It was after the theophany of Sinai that the Israelites, advancing by successive stages towards the Promised Land, came to Kadesh-barnea, between the Wilderness of Paran (Num 13:3) and the Wilderness of Zin (Num 13:21). It proved to be one of the principal stations along the course of their wanderings. From their Kadesh-barnea encampment Moses directed ... of two of antiquity's major desert routes: the Way of Shur, which ran from Egypt through the Sinai, and northward past Beer-sheba to Hebron, as well as branching off toward the Arabah and Edom; and the road which led south of the Central Negev to Eilat (Woolley and Lawrence 1914-15: 71). Furthermore, with several soldiers placed at their disposal, they carried out three days of (admittedly superficial) excavations on the tell and charted the basic ground plan of the remains. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-el-qudeirat-excavations-at-kadesh-barnea-rudolph-cohen-ba-1976-1982ad.htm
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38: The Exodus Route: 22 Stops: Mt Sinai to 38 years at Kadesh Barnea
The Exodus Route: 22 stops from Mt. Sinai to Kadesh Barnea 38 continuous years at Kadesh Barnea Click to View Overview map (Click on photo for high resolution) Click to View Satellite map (Click on photo for high resolution) Click to View Exodus locations: Click to View Kadesh Barnea Click to View Ezion Geber See also: ... Population of the Exodus Jews: 2.5 Million Hebrews left Egypt! Excluding various exodus routes: Nuweiba Beach, Bitter, Ballah and Timsah lakes. Introduction: Israel departs from Sinai for promised land after spending 11 months, 5 days at Sinai. Since they left on the 14th day of the first month, this means they had been traveling one ... In Chap. 33:16-36 there are enumerated twenty stations between Sinai and Kadesh, or twenty-two including Sinai and Kadesh." (A commentary on the Holy Scriptures, Lange, J. P., Schaff, P., Lowrie, S. T., & Gosman, A. Numbers 14:40, 1879 AD) 2. Three different views: Moses spend 38 continuous years at Kadesh vs. Moses arrived, left ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-sinai-kadesh-barnea.htm
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39: bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-maps-sinai-egypt ...
Ham settled in Egypt and the Sinai Peninsula and Canaan (the promised land). Shem settled in Saudi Arabia, but not the Sinai Peninsula or Egypt. The oldest and most complete manuscript of the Book of Jubilees was found among the Dead Sea Scrolls. Since the book claims an angel revealed the message to Moses on Mt. Sinai, it is obvious why every church in the world, except for the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, rejects it as pseudepigraphal ("Falsely signed: A forgery since Moses never wrote it). In spite of this, the Book of Jubilees is within the official canon of the Orthodox Church (Ethiopian), but is called the "Book of Division". It has value, however, as is a historical document that circulated among the Essenes in about 150 BC, so while Moses never saw it, we can learn something about the beliefs of that era. The book of Jubilees clearly places Mt. Sinai in modern Saudi Arabia. We know this because the book describes the territory for each of the three sons of Noah. We know that ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-maps-sinai-egypt-midian-arabia-kadesh-barnea-shur-book-of-jubilees-150bc.htm
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40: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-el-qudeirat-did-i-excavate ...
the site of a series of seminal and dramatic events that befell the wandering Israelites during their years in the desert. From Kadesh-Barnea, Moses dispatched twelve men (one for each of the twelve tribes) "to spy out the land of Canaan" (Numbers 13:3-21). When the spies returned to Kadesh-Barnea, they gave a discouraging report: "We cannot attack these people; they are stronger than we are ... They will swallow us up ... The men are of gigantic size" (Numbers 13:31-32). The people despaired of taking the Promised Land, and God, in His anger at their lack of faith, condemned the elder generation to perish in the wilderness. ... In 1956, the first excavations were carried out by Moshe Dothan, and between 1976-1979, I led five seasons of excavations at Ein el-Qudeirat on behalf of Israel's Department of Antiquities and Museums. Ein el-Qudeirat had three fortresses: (built and destroyed three times) Our archaeological excavations have revealed the ruins of three Iron Age (Israelite) ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-ein-el-qudeirat-did-i-excavate-kadesh-barnea-rudolph-cohen-bar-1981ad.htm
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41: Kadesh Barnea Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol 29, No 1, 1910 ...
His description of it was quite accurate. On the assumption that "Mount Seir" and "the land of Edom" had the 'Arabah for its western border, and that all Biblical statements are equally reliable and must at any price be harmonized, he could scarcely reach a different conclusion." (Kadesh Barnea, Nathan Schmidt, Journal of Biblical Literature, Vol 29, no 1, 1910 AD, p68) F. W. Holland, a very careful observer, went to 'Ain Kades on the 14th of May, 1878. His ... Aside from the water, there is nothing very impressive about 'Ain Kades. The accompanying photographs give a fair idea of how the place looks. There are four springs, three together and one farther up the wadi. One is in front of a rock, another is walled up, but ... But it is not likely that at the end of the seventh century B.C. the Aramaic had penetrated so far south. J. Simon7 explained Barnea as desertum vagationis (11= desertum in Chald., Syr. and Arab. and v) vagatio). This would then correspond to El Tih (5„,x11), ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-petra-nathan-schmidt-kadesh-barnea-journal-of-biblical-literature-vol-29-no-1-1910ad.htm
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42: bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-rudolph-cohen-kadesh-barnea ...
The abundance of water at the Kadesh-barnea oasis is connected with a miracle performed by Moses (Num. 20:11), and the episode preceding this miracle gave the site the name, "the Waters of Meribah (strife)" (Num. 20:13, 24; Deut. 33:8; Ps. 81:8; 106:32), or "the Waters of Meribath Meribath-kadesh" (Num. 27:14; Deut. 32:51; Ez. 47:19; 48:28). Moses' sister, Miriam, died and was buried at Kadesh (Num. 20:1). Aaron died at Mount Hor, located in the vicinity of Kadesh (Num. 20:22). Kadesh-barnea's location, to the south of the Land of Israel, can be inferred from the description of the southern border of Canaan, i.e., the Promised Land of the Israelites (Num. 14:4; Ez. 47:19; 48:28), as well as from that of the ... Between 1976-1982, the author carried out ten seasons of excavations at Kadesh-barnea. These excavations revealed that the site consisted of three superimposed fortresses, each one built over the remains of its predecessor, covering a time span from the 10th century B.C.E. to the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-rudolph-cohen-kadesh-barnea-fortress-judaean-israel-museum-1983ad.htm
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43: The wilderness of Paran: The Great and Terrible wilderness from ...
Click to View Click to View Introduction: The wilderness of Paran entirely Transjordan, east of the Arabah Valley. The wilderness of Paran is adjacent to the land of Midian: 1 Kings 11:18 The land of Midian is located at modern Al Bad in North Saudi Arabia. We may not be sure of where Paran is located, but we ... Sinai, they saw Him come in glory from the north, like a small distant storm cloud that got closer and bigger until God hovered over Mt. Sinai and the "fireworks began". Paran is a large wilderness area that extends from Petra (Kadesh Barnea) down to Midian, east of the Arabah valley. Paran is three stops due north of Sinai (Mt. Lawz): Numbers 10:11-12, 33 The beginning of ... A. Deut 1:1 proves the wilderness of Paran doesn't extend west of the Arabah Valley and is entirely "Transjordan": The book of Deuteronomy was revealed by Moses at wadi Zered on the way north to take possession of the promised land: Deut 1:1,5; 2:18. The wilderness of Paran was located transjordan, due south ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-wilderness-of-paran.htm
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44: Septuagint 250 BC: Goshen of Arabia
... The Septuagint (LXX) was translated in Alexandria, Egypt around 250 BC and we know from Herodotus that several towns deep in the Nile Delta of Egypt near the great Pyramids were called "Towns of Arabia". Herodotus knew full well that Arabia proper was nowhere near Egypt. His comments that lead some to put "Arabia in Egypt" are rather simple to explain: "Arabian cities" in the Nile Delta are merely Arab immigrants who formed a majority population in a city inside Egypt. There is ... This is helpful in understanding why the Translators of the LXX, who performed their translation work IN EGYPT would say Goshen was of Arabia. When those bent on keeping Mt. Sinai out of Saudi Arabia quote ancient historians who say Hebrew Goshen in Egypt was in fact Arabia, you wonder why the Israelites ever left? It simply trashes the Bible story like putting Kadesh Barnea inside the promised land at Qudeirat. By Steve Rudd: Contact the author for comments, input or corrections. Click to View Go To Start: ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-maps-sinai-egypt-midian-arabia-kadesh-barnea-shur-septuagint-250bc.htm
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45: The True Mount Hor, Jebel Maderah. George L. Robinson, The Biblical ...
... I. THE BIBLICAL DATA Mt. Hor is alluded to in Scripture in three separate contexts as the scene of Aaron's death: Num. 20:22-21:4; 33:37-39; and I Sinai and Palestine, pp. 152, 153, 161. a The Negeb, or "South Country" ol Scripture, pp. 127 ff. s Kadesh-Barnea, pp. 132 ff. 4 Libbey and Hoskins' remark (The Jordan Valley and Petra, 1905, Vol. II, pp. 243, 244) that "travelers who have visited both locations have little hesitation in affirming that this peak in ... It is not improbable that they broke camp prior to the actual return of the messengers. 3. The general location of Mt. Hor is then given as "by the border of the land of Edom" (Num. 20:23), or "in the edge (i. e., at the extremity) of the land of Edom" (Num. 33:37). ... Its sides are steep and barren, being composed of soft, decayed limestone, with a mixture of sulphur and saltpeter. An Arab foot-path leads up from the plain over the western end of the mountain. Twenty-three minutes brought us in the heat of noonday (1050 Fahr.) from ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-true-mount-hor-the-biblical-world-george-l-robinson-1908ad.htm
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46: Thutmoses III was Pharaoh of the Exodus in 1446 BC
Israel has been at Kadesh for 12 years when he becomes king and dies the year Joshua crossed the Jordan. Thutmoses IV (Menkheperure) 10 1406-1396 . Amunhotep III (Nebmaatre) 38 1396-1358 . Akhenaten (Amunhotep IV) 17 1358-1341 Become King the year bJoshua dies. Converts to monotheism. Tutankhamun (Nebkheperure) 10 1341-1331 Reverts to polytheism and is murdered. Ay (Kheperkheperure) 3 1331-1328 . Horemheb (Djeserkheperure) 28 1328-1300 . Totals 257 1557-1300 . Introduction: The date of the exodus was 1446 BC when Israel left Egypt and 1406 BC when they crossed the Jordan into the promised land. The Bible is consistent and clear on this date: 1 Kings 6:1; Judges 11:26; Acts 13:19. The three ... Unless this is another case of exaggeration like the Merneptah stele, it appears Thutmoses III had conquered the promised land at the time Israel was at Kadesh Barnea. He was powerful enough, that he may have done such. The only known Mud brick making by foreign slaves in 1446 BC: The only record ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-date-1440bc.htm
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47: The historical territory of the Amorites in the Bible
... On the other hand, Judges 1:34-36 says they banished the tribe of Dan into the mountains and they lived in the Valleys. They were a flexible, powerful people. B. Transjordan Amorite Territory at the Exodus is 1446BC Click to View This is how the three nations looked at the time of the exodus when Israel spent 38 years at Kadesh near Petra. Israel asked permission of Edom and Moab to cross their territory to go north and cross the Jordan river into the promised land and was refused: "For when they came up from Egypt, and Israel went through the wilderness to the Red Sea and came to Kadesh, then Israel ... The border of the Amorites ran from the ascent of Akrabbim, from Sela and upward." Judges 1:34-36 The ascent of Akrabbim must be on the east side of the Arabah valley. We also know where Petra (Kadesh Barnea, Sela) was located. Judges 1:34-36 recounts places where Israel failed to drive out the Amorites within the promised land. The narrative begins in the tribe of Dan, an area just north ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-amorites.htm
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48: The Onomasticon by Eusebius (325AD) and the Exodus route
in her tour of the Holy Land where she saw in a vision, the location of the birth place of Jesus etc and chose the site of Mt. Musa as Mt. Sinai. In 400 AD, Jerome had a copy of the Onomasticon and updated it with his own comments. In about 550 AD, the Madaba map was clearly dependant upon the Onomasticon. (Although it differs significantly from the Onomasticon because of updated places.) There are a few things really stand out in the Onomasticon. First, Eusebius defines Kadesh Barnea and Mt. ... This reflects again the uncertainty of editorial additions and of the use of Arabia in the Onomasticon (K. 110:27). Latin combines K. 112:7 and K. 112:8. Some confusion in order of this and the next three entries. A summary of biblical information ... Instead the Bible clearly says that Abraham lived between Kadesh and Shur (transjordan east of the Gulf of Aqaba) for a time, then left moved back into the promised land and sojourned near Gerar. Eusebius and the Madaba map correctly place Gerar ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-eusebius-onomasticon-323ad.htm
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49: Messianic Bible Prophecy: God the Rock of Moses
They looked at each other again and then Gabriel said to the rest of the angels, "That's cool, Moses now has a mini replica of water flowing from the mountain of God on earth, just like the real one in heaven! It also kind of reminds me of the River that flowed out of Eden (Gen 2:10)" Israel left Mt. Sinai after 11 months and arrived at Kadesh Barnea in 1444 BC and once again, Moses struck another rock which again gushed a river of water for the next 38 years until they departed for the promised land in 1407 BC (Numbers 20:11). Water coming from the rock Moses struck is the ... Finally, when Christians get to heaven, they will pause and stare in awe at the crystal clear, life-giving river of water coming from the throne of God (Rev 7:17; 21:6; 22:1-2). The angels Michael and Gabriel will join them and say, "It was really cool when Moses brought water out of the rock, but what do you think of the real thing?" Moses' rock, therefore, has three Midrashic fulfillments first in Christ, second ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/prophecy/Exodus17-6-triple-messianic-bible-prophecy-Midrashic-1Corinthians10-Moses-rock-water-Christ-rejected-cornerstone-temple-church-foundation-fortress-stumbling-stone.htm
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50: The Exodus Route: Travel times, distances, rates of travel, days ...
... After crossing the Red Sea at the Straits of Tiran via the natural underwater land bridge on day 25, Israel travelled 3 days (day 25-27) on "The Exodus Highway" through the Wilderness of Shur and the land of Midian, then travelled 3 more days (day ... for three days (Friday - Sunday) at the end of which God will descend upon Mt. Sinai. (Ex 19:10-11). On Pentecost Sunday (Sivan 7), day 53 from leaving Egypt, Mt. Sinai explodes (Heb 12:18) when God gives the law to Moses over a period of 40 days. Israel spent 343 days (11 lunar months and 19 days) camped in the Wilderness of Sinai (Num 10:11) while Moses received the law and Israel built the Tabernacle tent. The journey from Mt. Sinai through Ezion Geber (Numbers 33:35-36) to Kadesh Barnea, was ... They were unable to defeat the five Philistine Pentapolis cities (Ex 13:17-18; Deut 2:23; Josh 11:22; 13:2-3; Jud 1:18-19; 3:1-3) until the time of David. The Philistines had restricted Israel's possession of the promised land to the central hill ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route-travel-times-distances-days.htm
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