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1: Book of Jeremiah: Bible textual variants analysed
Steve Rudd November 2017 Dead Sea Scroll 4Q71 of Jeremiah 9:22-10:21 Textual Variants in the Book of Jeremiah: Bible textual variants analysed Introduction: Jeremiah probably wrote 2 ... Two (4Q70a, 4Q72 Jerc) follow the Masoretic and a third (4Q71b) validate the shorter Septuagint version because Jer 10:6-8, 10 is found in the Masoretic (MT) but absent in both the Septuagint and the scroll pictured here (4Q71 b). Around 225 BC the Septuagint translators used the shorter Hebrew ... The MT and LXX versions of Jeremiah are two inspired authentic versions, the same way the Matthew, Mark, Luke and John are four different inspired accounts of the same basic story. Notable variants ... Finally, the LXX and MT versions of Jeremiah do not contradict each other in any details. Jeremiah also wrote 1 & 2 Kings. Discussion: I. Short answer: There ... The two differ widely, more so than with any other Old Testament book. The Greek is one-eighth shorter than the Hebrew and after 25:13a the order of ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Book-of-Jeremiah-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Tanakh-Septuagint-LXX-Masoretic-Text-MT-scribal-gloss-copying-error.htm
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2: The Septuagint, LXX, origin, textual transmission 282 BC
... This is the second death, the lake of fire. And if anyone's name was not found written in the book of life, he was thrown into the lake of ... Steve Rudd November 2017 Start Here: Author's Preface and Master Introduction The Six Bible Manuscripts Mosaic Sinai Text (ST) Samuel's "Naiothic Text" (SNT) Ezra's "Quattuordecim Text" (XIV) Septuagint (LXX) Greek Masoretic (MT) Aramaic Hebrew Samaritan (SP) Paleo-Hebrew Jesus is the ... of the Jewish Masoretes at Tiberias 1065 AD: Abisha Scroll of the Samaritan Pentateuch (SP): Oldest Paleo-Hebrew textual tradition on earth. ... Short Egyptian sojourn: Israel spent 430 not 215 years in Egypt Dead Sea Scrolls Introduction to Dead Sea Scrolls Visit the Seven Scroll ... "official final version" in order to "Save this nation before they differ about the Book [ie Koran] as Jews and Christians did before." ... The MT and LXX versions of Jeremiah are two inspired authentic versions, the same way the Matthew, Mark, Luke and John are four different ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/septuagint.htm
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3: Bible Only Revelation Commentary by Steven Rudd
... Indeed, they rejoiced that for the first time since 605 BC and for 47 short years under the Maccabees (110-63 BC) the Jews had once ... Both stories (Gen 19:4-8 and Judg 19:22-24) are told exactly 69 Hebrew words in the Masoretic Text manuscript. Genesis 19:4-8 Judges ... The messianic window closes when the messiah finishes his work. g. In the LXX of Daniel 9:27, the messiah is not cut off in the middle ... B. Bible coins, the Widow's Mite and Revelation: Rev 22:6 1. In the author's book on Bible Coins, he identified the common widow's ... in the Dead Sea Scrolls a. In the author's book on the Septuagint, he documented that in AD 66, Hebrew was extinct throughout the world as a working language - except in Jerusalem. b. ... This may be an indication of later textual editing by replacing Nero for Domitian in the story or vice versa. d. In both stories the ... after Eusebius in parts of the Eastern Church) as an authentic work of the apostle John." (NPNF-CE2.1, Philip Schaff, Henry ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/revelation/
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4: Joshua's Altar on Mt. Ebal and the Lead Curse Tablet
... I was extremely fortunate and privileged to be one of the first to visit Joshua's Altar in AD 2004, although the army did cut short my ... Currently the oldest Hebrew Bible text (Numbers 6:24-26) from Kuntillet Ajrud, predates the Ketef Hinnom silver scroll by 100-200 ... Ebal curse tablet was inscribed with and Iron stylus on lead just as confirmed by the book of Job, where the story dates to the Early ... Douglas Petrovich identified a series of Hebrew "Sinai Inscriptions" at Serabit el-Khadim that he dated to the time of the exodus. ... Ebal was Mountain of curses: The curse tablet confirms that Mt. Ebal was the mountain of curses, which agrees with the Masoretic Text, the Samaritan Pentateuch, and the Septuagint. 7. ... No scholar challenges the fact that this is an extremely important and authentic tradition dealing with a central event in the life of ... These are open, squarish, paved architectural units attached to the main structure. Although they differ.slightly in plan, they both ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-altar-of-joshua.htm
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5: The Septuagint, LXX: 10 Archeological proofs the Septuagint Tanakh ...
100% complete and that the Septuagint was the standard "pulpit bible" in every Synagogue: footnote to the Greek Esther dates the book ... A large number of Jewish apocalyptic documents translated into Greek around 50 BC, Greek fragment of "Epistle of Jeremiah" (not the book ... Philo also uses the longer Chronological numbers of the LXX in Gen 5&11 and copies the LXX in saying 75 entered Egypt with Jacob, whereas the Hebrew Masoretic text says 70. Josephus 70 AD, mentions Jesus and also copies the longer chronological numbers of Gen 5&11 from the Septuagint! Introduction: 1. After ... Not only this book, but even the Law itself, the Prophecies, and the rest of the books differ not a little when read in the original. ... situations and events that point to the years 170--150 BCE" (Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible, Emanuel Tov, p131, 2012 AD) 7. ... in the form preserved in the Masoretic tradition was seen as authentic canon, the other writings transmitted in the Alexandrian ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-Greek-Bible-entire-Tanakh-39-books-translated-complete-by-150BC.htm
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6: Oldest Old Testament Bible manuscripts: Qumran | Wadi Murabba ...
Nahal Se'elim) are housed in Jerusalem in the Shrine of the Book, a museum dedicated for that purpose in 1965." (The Near East ... Bible penetrated the homeland of Israel." (Reading the Bible at Qumran, Alexandria, and Ephesus, D. A. deSilva Ashland ... of the Septuagint, J. Lust, E. Eynikel, K. Hauspie, Introduction, 2003 AD) c. "Tov classifies biblical manuscripts into five groups (which may overlap): Texts written in what he terms the "Qumran practice," Proto-Masoretic texts, pre-Samaritan texts, texts close to the presumed Hebrew source of the LXX, and non-aligned texts (1998: 294-98)." (The Dead Sea Scrolls ... the documents from Qumran have revolutionised the textual history of the LXX due to the Greek fragments discussed and ... phonetic features, the resulting text probably did not differ much from the texts we now label "proto-Samaritan."" (A ... These "manipulations" include insertion of previously unknown material, thematic regrouping of material, short editorial ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-oldest-manuscripts-Bible-Ancient-copies-Dead-Sea-Scrolls-Qumran-Masada-Nahal-Hever-Nahal-Seelim-Wadi-Murabbaat-Masoretic-Greek-Hebrew-Aramaic.htm
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7: Oldest Old Testament Bible manuscripts: Qumran | Wadi Murabba ...
Nahal Se'elim) are housed in Jerusalem in the Shrine of the Book, a museum dedicated for that purpose in 1965." (The Near East ... Bible penetrated the homeland of Israel." (Reading the Bible at Qumran, Alexandria, and Ephesus, D. A. deSilva Ashland ... of the Septuagint, J. Lust, E. Eynikel, K. Hauspie, Introduction, 2003 AD) c. "Tov classifies biblical manuscripts into five groups (which may overlap): Texts written in what he terms the "Qumran practice," Proto-Masoretic texts, pre-Samaritan texts, texts close to the presumed Hebrew source of the LXX, and non-aligned texts (1998: 294-98)." (The Dead Sea Scrolls ... the documents from Qumran have revolutionised the textual history of the LXX due to the Greek fragments discussed and ... phonetic features, the resulting text probably did not differ much from the texts we now label "proto-Samaritan."" (A ... These "manipulations" include insertion of previously unknown material, thematic regrouping of material, short editorial ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-oldest-manuscripts-Bible-Ancient-copies-Dead-Sea-Scrolls-Qumran-Masada-Nahal-Hever-Nahal-Seelim-Wadi-Murabbaat-Masoretic-Greek-Hebrew-Aramaic
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8: Shem as Melchizedek: A test case for validating or falsifying ...
Terah was 130 years old not 70. This is an interpretive variance, not a textual one in spite of the fact that Jews from 300 BC to the present wrongly ... This was always problematic until the Christian Bible explicitly stated that Abraham did not leave Haran until after the death of Terah at age 205 (see ... 5,11. 9 Life numbers (total years lived) are not in the text of either the LXX or MT. However they are added in the SP. For example, in Gen 11:11 the ...book of Hebrews) so they corrupted the text in their Hebrew pre-Masoretic Torah to counter Christian theology. i. In 160 AD, Seder Olam Rabbah was the nasty fraudulent and corrupt chronological document the Jews created for this purpose. ii. In order for Shem to be the same person as Melchizedek, Shem must be alive at the time of Abraham. iii. The original and authentic Septuagint ... In non-contro-versial matters, there is no decisive evidence that TO followed one school rather than another. Only where these two schools differ from ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-Shem-was-Melchizedek-Masoretic-chronology-Messiah-Jesus-Christ-priesthood.htm
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9: Demetrius the Chronographer: 220 BC PDF Mt. Sinai in Arabia
Abraham entered Canaan until Jacob entered Egypt. 2151 215 2075-1860 BC 2091-1876 BC Short sojourn 215 yrs. Clement used the ... Demetrius wrote a book called "On the Kings in Judea" which dated to Ptolemy Philopater IV (222-204 BC) and is the first extant ... In fragments 2 and 3 he reflects the chronographic system of the Septuagint and shows no knowledge of the numerical figures of the Hebrew text where they differ from those of the Septuagint. Further, his spellings of ... the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) omitted. a. The chronology of the MT lowered the date of both the flood and creation by 130 years because of the exclusion of Cainan. b. "The period from the Flood to Abraham in Genesis 11:10-32 in the LXX with Kainan ... Because the calculations present several difficulties, various textual emendations have been suggested, some of which identify him ... (and) 3 months. By Steve Rudd: Contact the author for comments, input or corrections. Click to View Go To Start: WWW.BIBLE.CA ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-ancient-geographers-maps-sinai-egypt-midian-arabia-kadesh-barnea-shur-demetrius-the-chronographer-225bc.htm
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10: Seder Olam Rabbah modern Jewish calendar English pdf free online
... Creation to Exodus 49 jubilees Note: If you use short sojourn of 215 years the difference is 3 years. 2668 yrs/50 =53.36 ... Introduction: 1. Read Seder Olam now: Full English text translated online 2. Jewish eschatology and the book of ... Septuagint. e. Seder Olam reduces the age of the earth so that Jesus is born too early at 3761 years after creation. f. Shortly after the Seder Olam was written, the Jews systematically adjusted the chronological numbers in their Hebrew Tanakh (Masoretic ... archeologically the earliest, a full 400 years later than the corresponding LXX numbers are archeologically witnessed. e. ... This number EXACTLY follows the chronology of the Seder Olam IN CONTRADICTION to the Masoretic Hebrew Bible used in every ... Three ancient authentic sources (7th century, one 8th) that show that the significant portion of the Jewish community ... Septuagint (LXX) 160 AD Masoretic (MT) Research Tools OT Textual Variants Messianic expectation 300 OT quotes in NT Canon ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Seder-Olam-Rabbah-full-text-PDF-Free-Online-Chronology-modern-Jewish-calendar-Textual-variants-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-Rabbinical-Judaism-160AD.htm
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11: The Septuagint: God approved Translation in every synagogue like ...
... They read from the book, from the law of God, translating to give the sense so that they understood the reading." (Nehemiah ... It was this remnant who converted to Christianity immediately! The Septuagint: A text of the Bible in the language of the ... At the beginning of this short period of Jewish independence (110 BC) the Greek translations of the Jewish Old Testament ... Septuagint was accepted as equal to the original Hebrew Old Testament. Both were accepted equally as the word of God in the same way our NASB or KJV are today. The Greek Septuagint became the primary textual tool "lead Jew and Gentile to Christ". Indeed, the Ethiopian Eunuch's personal Old Testament was the LXX (Acts 8:26-38) which he had in his possession while in ... was speaking, recognized the passage and accepted it as authentic scripture: "So he got up and went; and there was an ... Samaritan (SP) 458 BC Ezra's Text (XIV) 282 BC Septuagint (LXX) 160 AD Masoretic (MT) Research Tools OT Textual Variants ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-Greek-Bible-standard-issue-Jerusalem-certified-translation-synagogues-church.htm
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12: Jewish Messianic Expectation at the time of Christ
... of Sabbath Sacrifice" as a blueprint for the structure of the entire book written in 66 AD, at the beginning of the first Jewish war, to warn ... But they have missed the point of the Bibles warnings concerning the end of this system of things, thinking that Bible chronology reveals the ... Part of the reason is that modern Jewish Rabbis lie and misrepresent the textual and historical integrity of the New Testament which is in ... Muhammad Christ 610 AD Today: 2017 (Jewish 5777AC based upon Seder Olam) Septuagint LXX 5554 BC 446 AD 1262 BC - 446 AD Year 5554 AC Perfect ... We know for certain that before 70 AD the chronological numbers in the Hebrew Masoretic and Greek Septuagint were the same and produced the same age of the earth at 5554 BC. Using 5554 AC for creation, and making adjustments for both the short sojourn and the age of Terah of 70 when ... After his defeat the Jews realized he was not the messiah and renamed him "son of the lie" 5. Muhammad in 629 AD: a. Three ancient authentic ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Jewish-Messiah-Jesus-coming-Days-Coins-Dead-Sea-Scrolls-Seder-Olam-Talmud-Revelation-Gog-magog-dragon-war-1000-years-Hell-judgment-resurrection.htm
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13: The Exodus Route: A scriptural proof, with the witness of history ...
... Excavations at Tel el Dab'a (Avaris) by Bietak and synchronisms with day book entry in year 11 of Khamudi (the last Hyksos king) in the ... This essentially guts the idea that they would travel such a short distance to cross at the Ballah, Timsah, Bitter lakes, or the Gulf ... The Bible narrative indicates they passed by the final Red Sea camp and hit the dead end at Etham, then backtracked to camp at the ... Etham is simply Egyptian for Hebrew Shur, both meaning "wall, fortification."" (The JPS Torah Commentary: Numbers 33:8, 1999 AD) After ... Therefore, the Wilderness of Etham is identical to the Wilderness of Shur. b. It may be a textual gloss: Etham is not found in the Septuagint (LXX) in Number 33:8. The "Wilderness of ... Sea, in the land of Edom." (1 Kings 9:26) The fact that the Masoretic Hebrew Text uses "sea of reeds" is irrelevant since the Gulf ... "It is moreover one of the few facts localised by anything like an authentic tradition,-in this case preserved by Josephus, the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-route.htm
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14: Mt. Sinai located in Arabia: Galatian 4:25
... 813 AD) This historic event in AD 758 is particularly amusing given 60 short years later in AD 820. The "Compendious Book" by Muhammad ibn Musa ... Could it be that Khwarizmi was illiterate, and Christians were the ghost writers of the landmark book on Algebra, but Khwarizmi took the credit for ... because it is inside the promised land, in spite of the fact that this is where every map in the back of every Bible wrongly marks Kadesh Barnea. ... Septuagint adds "of Arabia" to "Goshen" in Gen 45:10 Masoretic Hebrew Text Septuagint Greek Text MT: "You shall live in the land of Goshen." (Gen 45:10, MT) LXX: "You will dwell in the land of Goshen of Arabia." (Gen 45:10, LXX) a. "Hurry and go up ... The reconstructions shown here are based upon data in the medieval world maps that were, in turn, derived from Roman originals, plus textual ... It is inhabited by a variety of tribes speaking languages that differ, some to a certain extent, some totally. The coastal area is, similarly, marked ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-Mount-Sinai-in-Arabia-exodus-route-Nabatean-kingdom-territory-AretasIV-Arabia-Petrea-New-Testamt-Mt-Sinai-Lawz-Ishmael-Apostle-Paul-36AD-Galatians-4-25.htm
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15: Book of first and second Samuel: Bible textual variants analysed
Textual Variants in the Book of 1 & 2 Samuel "Scripture cannot be broken" (Jesus, John 10:35) "My word will accomplish what I desire and succeed in the purpose for which I sent it." (Isa 55:11) Steve Rudd November 2017 Textual Variants in the Book of 1 & 2 Samuel: Bible textual variants analysed Introduction: The text of the book of 1 & 2 Samuel is solid and certain because we have the Septuagint (LXX). The Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) of 1st and 2nd Samuel are universally recognized as "hopelessly corrupted" and is corrected by the copy of the Greek Septuagint (LXX) in possession of ... It is also true that the text of parallel passages in Chronicles is, in general, in agreement with the lxx rather than with the mt." (UBCS, M. J. Evans, 1 & 2 Samuel, p 3, 2012 AD) b. "The received Hebrew text of Samuel in its Masoretic dress (MT) is in poor repair. It is a short text, but its shortness is not the wholesome shortness of a text free of expansion and interpolation; rather it is the result of ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Book-of-Samuel-first-1st-second-2nd-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Tanakh-Septuagint-LXX-Masoretic-Text-MT-scribal-gloss-copying-error.htm
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16: Book of Hosea: Bible textual variants analysed
"My word will accomplish what I desire and succeed in the purpose for which I sent it." (Isa 55:11) Steve Rudd November 2017 Textual Variants in the Book of Hosea: Bible textual variants analysed Introduction: The Variants in Hosea stem from a corrupt Hebrew Masoretic text that predates the translation of the Septuagint in 282 BC. Not surprisingly, the small number of Dead Sea Scroll fragments that have been found, confirm the reading of ... Discussion: 1. In spite of the fact that the Hebrew text of the book of Hosea has been corrupted from ancient times (before 282 BC), we can be certain that we have the complete and clear message Hosea intended to convey. The Greek Septuagint (LXX) was again helpful in many ... For the Hebrew original we have the Masoretic Text, and not much else. Bits and pieces of the Minor Prophets have turned up at Qumran (Testuz 1955), but the total is not impressive, and the text does not differ in any significant way from the MT. An occasional reading may be of ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Book-of-Hosea-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Tanakh-Septuagint-LXX-Masoretic-Text-MT-scribal-gloss-copying-error.htm
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17: Greek Scroll Twelve minor prophets Nahal Hever 50 BC: Septuagint ...
This proves that the Entire Old Testament (Tanakh) was translated into Greek before the Christian Era. The text reads essentially the same as the modern text we use (Masoretic) proving the Bible has not been lost, altered or corrupted over time. YHWH is written in Mosaic Hebrew as the name of God. What you read in the book you find in the ground! The Greek Septuagint Twelve Minor Prophets scroll (2100 years old) ... Two different men wrote the entire scroll. We know this by graphology of textual styles that point to two different "hands" through handwriting analysis. b. Printed on vellum (animal skin) with carbon ink. c. Many skins were ... Most of the differences can be explained by the original translators trying to convey the meaning from Hebrew into Greek. Just like our modern English Bibles differ widely in specific words used and word order, in the end they all say basically the identical thing. c. What is most interesting, is that the text sometimes agrees with the both the LXX ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-manuscripts-Septuagint-twelve-Greek-Minor-prophets-scroll-Nahal-Hever-Bar-Kochba-Cave-of-Horrors-letters-Dodekapropheton-Greek-8HevXIIgr-50BC.htm
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18: List of 300 Old Testament quotes in New Testament
... LXX and non-LXX. In other words, apart from the formal quotations from Marcan tradition, a mixed textual tradition is found in the other layers of synoptic material ranging over every literary form ... Introduction to the Greek Version of the Bible, Marcos, N. Fernández, p326, 2000 AD) d. "Paul cites the Old Testament 93 times: the Pentateuch 33 times, Isaiah 25, and the Psalms 19. Of these quotations, 51 agree completely or virtually with the LXX, 22 even against the Masoretic text; 4 follow the Hebrew text against the LXX, and 38 differ from both the Hebrew text and the LXX." "There are overwhelming proofs that the author of Hebrews generally used an old LXX text." (The Septuagint in Context: Introduction to the Greek Version of the Bible, Marcos, N. Fernández, p328, 2000 AD) ... The difference may be one or two verses higher or lower: Deut 54:12 may be d. The difference may be before or after a chapter divider: Joel 2:28-32 in one book is Joel 3:1-5 in another e. The references ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/List-of-300-Old-Testament-passage-quotes-in-New-Testament-Septuagint-Codex-Vaticanus-LXX-Masoretic-MT-Jewish-Tanakh-Bible.htm
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19: Jacob enters Egypt with 70 or 75 persons: Exodus 1:5: Textual ...
Jacob enters Egypt with 70 or 75 persons: Gen. 46:27; Ex 1:5; Deut 10:22; Acts 7:14 Textual Variants in the Bible Bible textual variants analysed ... 70 and the other 75. A third verse, Duet 10:22 reads 70 in both the MT and LXX. Finally Acts 7:14 says the number was 75 persons who entered Egypt. ... as seen in both the Bible and literary sources. The Septuagint reflects the original reading of 75 in Gen 46:27 and 70 in Ex 1:5. For unknown reasons the Masoretic text was changed so all three places in the Torah agree to read 70 persons entered Egypt. What is significant for the Christian is that Stephen is fully validated in his "75 persons" from the Septuagint, Philo and two Hebrew language Dead Sea ... The second scene (vv 66-89) contains, besides a short dialogue between Zipporah and a certain Chum, another nonbiblical scene, namely a report by ... 70 and 75 were considered authentic. 2. The Greek Septuagint preserves the autograph numbers in all three places: Gen. 46:27; Ex 1:5; Deut 10:22 a. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Book-of-Exodus-1-5-Jacob-enters-Egypt-70-75-persons-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Tanakh-Septuagint-LXX-Masoretic-Text-MT-scribal-gloss-error.htm
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20: The Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) Bible manuscript: Oldest and only ...
Bible on earth Acquired from Josiah in 623 BC Quick links: 1. Preamble: must read first 2. 12 Quick facts about the Samaritan Pentateuch 3. Detailed outline on Samaritan history 4. Ancient literary sources that mention the Samaritans 5. The Text of the Samaritan Pentateuch is equal to the Masoretic and LXX 6. Samaritan ... Dead Sea Scrolls that validate the Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) and Septuagint (LXX) against the (MT) b. Hebrew DSS that validate the Samaritan Pentateuch and LXX c. 40 "SP Harmonizations" witnessed ... While the many ancient literary sources wrongly viewed Terah's age as 70 when Abraham was born, including the Book of Jubilees (170 BC), Josephus (70 AD) , ... Hence, "Proto-Samaritan Texts" should be defined as manuscripts preserving textual traditions that are not caused by Samaritan editing and appear not only in ... VIII. 471 Septuagint (LXX) Verses than are Identical with Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) but Differ from the Masoretic (MT) 471 LXX Verses Identical with SP and ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Samaritan-Pentateuch-SP-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Paleo-Hebrew-1362AD.htm
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21: Stele, inscriptions, manuscripts, scrolls, codex, New Testament ...
Hebrew is the world's oldest alphabet from which English is derived. Its official! The world's first authentic inscription that names Moses of the Exodus! Melqart ... verified book on earth with over 5000 manuscripts and fragments. Septuagint scroll of the Greek Twelve Minor Prophets written in 50 BC Dating to 50 BC, this is a Greek (Septuagint) translation of the 12 minor prophets by Jews before Christ was born. This proves that the Entire Old Testament (Tanakh) was translated into Greek before the Christian Era. The text reads essentially the same as the modern text we use (Masoretic) proving the Bible has not been lost, altered or corrupted over time. YHWH is written in Mosaic Hebrew as the name of God. Read full outline and see 5 ultra high resolution plates of the scroll. Septuagint LXX Fouad #266 (dated 100 BC) Deut ... Historical insight: Jesus patterned his beatitudes after the well-known poetic style of his day with 8 short beatitudes followed by an 9th longer one. Like saying, ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/welcome.htm
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22: 282 BC: Birth of the Greek Septuagint LXX
... (75 AD) who says the Jews rejoiced when they were read the Greek Bible after translation was complete; Justin Martyr (150 AD) who says the ... of the LXX to create a Greek Torah. Irenaeus accuses Jews living in 130-180 AD of corrupting the long accepted Jewish translation of "virgin" in Isa 7:14; Augustine (400 AD) notes that the lower chronology found in the Hebrew Masoretic manuscript is both wrong and "impossible to explain". Augustine lists 6 translations of Hebrew into Greek: Septuagint, Aquila, Symmachus, Theodotion, and the anonymous 'fifth edition'. ... This was a very wise precaution to ensure that the book might be preserved for all the future time unchanged." (Letter of Aristeas, 32, ... Irenaeus says that Peter, John, Matthew and Paul all quoted from the Septuagint, a fact that is proven to be correct through textual criticism ... found in the Septuagint but missing in the Hebrew original were marked with short horizontal lines such as are used in writing fractions. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-birth-historical-accounts-origin-antiochus-II-Letter-of-Aristeas-Aristobulus-Philo-Josephus-Justin-Martyr-Irenaeus-Eusebius-Irenaeus-Augustine-282BC.htm
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23: Sinai Text (SN): Moses, Sinai, 1446 BC Torah: Gen - Deut
... For in six days the Lord made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day. Therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it. " m. Here is a short ... this change in Bible manuscript text. 3. See: Samuel's Naiothic Text (SNT) Six Manuscripts of the Old Testament Name Date Authors Place Content Language Mosaic (ST) 1446 BC Moses Sinai Book of the Law, Torah Hieroglyphic Hebrew Naiothic (SNT) 1050 BC Samuel Naioth, Ramah Torah, Joshua Paleo-Hebrew Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) 623/610 BC Samuel Naioth, Ramah Torah (copy from Josiah) Paleo-Hebrew Quattuordecim (XIV) 458-445 BC Ezra "the 14" Jerusalem Tanakh, (Except Neh., Mal.) Aramaic-Hebrew Septuagint (LXX) 282 BC "the 70" Alexandria Tanakh Greek Masoretic (MT) 160 AD Rabbi Yose ben Halafta ... Samaritan (SP) 458 BC Ezra's Text (XIV) 282 BC Septuagint (LXX) 160 AD Masoretic (MT) Research Tools OT Textual Variants Messianic expectation 300 OT quotes in NT Canon of the Bible Chronology Charts ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Sinai-Text-ST-Moses-Bible-Torah-autograph-manuscripts-Hieroglyphic-Hebrew-1446BC.htm
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24: Julius Africanus Sextus: 221 AD. Creation in 5500 AD. 70 weeks ...
... Bible. b. "Hebrew history": We don't know if "Hebrew" is referencing the TYPE of history, i.e., the history of the Hebrews; or, if it referring to the kind of text in which it appears, i.e. a Hebrew text either secular or Tanakh. c. It is important to keep in mind that two very widely read secular Jewish documents, the book ... It is also possible that Julius Africanus Sextus produced this chronology from one of the uncorrupted original Hebrew (proto-Masoretic) texts in protest to the new revision by the Jewish corrupters in an effort to counter Christianity. Julius Africanus' dates match the LXX against the MT (221 AD) Julius Africanus 221 AD Septuagint LXX Masoretic ... In other words, in some periods he had to much time and in others, he had too short a time, but in the end, his final number was essentially correct to the best ... Ezra's Text (XIV) 282 BC Septuagint (LXX) 160 AD Masoretic (MT) Research Tools OT Textual Variants Messianic expectation 300 OT quotes in NT Canon of the Bible ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Julius-Africanus-Sextus-Chronology-Genesis5-Textual-variants-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-creation-5500BC-age-earth-Daniel9-70-weeks-221AD.htm
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25: Flavius Josephus Genesis Chronology: 70 AD Creation 5467 BC
... over 1000 years from today's Masoretic from which most Old Testaments in our Bible are constructed from. c. "Those Antiquities contain the history of five ... As a point of interest, Cainan is found in the New Testament and the LXX Tanakh but not in the Masoretic, proving once again that the Septuagint chronology is ... There is a variance between the LXX and MT in the day the flood started. b. The LXX says the 27th but the modern Hebrew Masoretic says the 17th c. Josephus said it was the 27th day. "Now he says that ... date of Abraham leaving Haran at 130 and 215 years because Josephus took the short sojourn in Egypt when the actual number is 430 years. i. 4513 years = 4513 + ... People carelessly conclude this based upon the fact that his Chronological numbers in Genesis match today's Septuagint and differ with todays Masoretic bible. ... The textual variance in the chronological numbers of Genesis is irrelevant today because it has already served God's original purpose of generating "messianic ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Josephus-Flavius-Chronology-Genesis5-Textual-variants-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-creation-5467BC-age-earth-Daniel9-70-weeks-70AD.htm
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26: First Century Synagogue Top Plans: Masada 78 BC
... original of the Wisdom of Ben-Sira, a fragment of the book of Jubilees, and a fragment of the Hebrew Song of the Sabbath Sacrifice. ... the case with the Dead Sea Scrolls found at Qumran." (Lexham Bible Dictionary, Masada, 2016 AD) 3. "final reports of the Masada ...aeo-Hebrew script: Fragments of Biblical Scrolls: Genesis 46:7-11. (MasGen) There are minor variants with MT; Leviticus 4:3-9. (MasLev) Both the orthography and the readings agree with MT; Leviticus 8:31-11:40. (Mas-Lev) The text belongs to the Masoretic textual tradition as its readings ... section system are identical to ... that this Psalm was the last on the scroll, in harmony with MT but at variance with the Psalms Scroll from Cave 11 and the Septuagint. ... These texts largely reflect the traditional MT, but a few readings in the Ezekiel scroll differ slightly from the MT. * A copy of ... One reads "ben Yair" and could be short for Eleazar ben Ya'ir, the commander of the fortress. b. It has been suggested that the other ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Masada-bible-ancient-synagogues-first-century-oldest-pre70AD-Jesus-archeology-top-plan-genizah-Eleazar-ben-yair-manuscripts-papyrus-fragments-Hebrew-masoretic-78bc.htm
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27: The Book of Jubilees: A fictional Jewish chronology of real world ...
... A huge problem for the book of Jubilees, is that the timing of Jubilees directly contradicts the timing in the Bible because it is impossible to have the Exodus of Moses in ... The first two months of each quarter year had 30 days and the third month had 31 days, make 91 days per quarter. This system worked in the short term, but was disastrous in ... Text is that Shem was NOT Melchizedek in the book of Jubilees. a. In fact, in spite of the reduced time scales from the existing Hebrew pre-Masoretic Text and the Septuagint, the book of Jubilees has Shem die 66 years before Abraham was born making it impossible for him to be Melchizedek. b. This proves that in 160 BC no one had ever considered making Shem into Melchizedek because the existing chronologies in the Greek LXX, Hebrew MT and Seder Olam SO make it ... Samaritan (SP) 458 BC Ezra's Text (XIV) 282 BC Septuagint (LXX) 160 AD Masoretic (MT) Research Tools OT Textual Variants Messianic expectation 300 OT quotes in NT Canon of the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/book-of-Jubilees-full-text-PDF-Free-Online-Chronology-ancient-Jewish-calendar-Textual-variants-Bible-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-Rabbinical-Judaism-170BC.htm
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28: Terah's begetting age of Abram: Terah was 130 not 70 years old ...
Abraham was the youngest of three brothers not the oldest! Chronological Interpretation Variants in the Book of Genesis Bible textual variants analysed ... died before his daughter conceived a son." (book of Jubilees 11.9,15, 170 BC) b. 70 AD: Josephus: i. "for Terah begat Abram, in his seventieth year ... ... And that this was the ancient reading also, the older copies of the LXX in the days of Philo, as well as the series of the reasoning in Josephus himself upon this occasion, does secure us; and both of them do thereby plainly discover that great corruption which the Masorete Hebrew has introduced into our Bible in this place. For as to the Septuagint copy, in the days of Philo, he ... had lived two hundred and five years; for the life of man was already cut short, and became shorter till the birth of Moses." (Josephus commentary, The ... 11:31) 3. This is a complex problem because it involves a misunderstanding of the Bible text AND a variant between the Septuagint and Masoretic. a. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Bible-Chronology-variants-theological-interpretation-Old-Testament-Book-of-Genesis-11-32-Terah-70-beget-abraham-born-130-years-textual.htm
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29: Pseudo-Philo: 60 AD Creation in 5886 BC, Septuagint Chronology
... Dei 15.11.1) b. Augustine chose poorly. The Jews did corrupt their own Bible for anti-Christian purposes in 160 AD just like Ezra had done ... Dei 15.14.2) III. When did the Jews corrupt their Hebrew pre-Masoretic text: 282 BC or 160 AD 1. Augustine gives the only two options as to ... III. Augustine understood one possible correct solution on Methuselah living 14 years after the flood in the Septuagint Chronology. 1. There are in fact many simply solutions to the problem of Methuselah living 14 years after the flood in the LXX chronology: a. The Hebrew original in Jerusalem ... We also know that synagogues were God's bridge between temple worship and the Christian church. See author's book on the Origin of ... Noah got drunk, David committed adultery. Perhaps this one textual corruption was Ezra's great sin. Notice that in both cases, the entire ... that in those times years were differently reckoned, and were so short that one of our years may be supposed to be equal to ten of theirs. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Augustine-of-Hippo-Chronology-Genesis5-Textual-variants-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-Septuagint-Hebrew-400AD.htm
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30: Elijah and Elisha Chronology timeline 870-810 BC
... from Solomon's temple and used them for Baal worship: 2 Chron 24:7. Like Jezebel, Athaliah was a ruthless murderer of all her own royal children just to secure the throne for herself for six short years. ... This provides a synchronism between the Bible chronology and Assyrian kings. b. The two chronologies (Bible numbers and Assyrian annals) are in perfect harmony. 4. Reversing the order of chapters 20 and 21 in ... Burney concurs, stating that the Septuagint is "no doubt correct in placing this narrative immediately after ch. 19." [C. F. Burney, Notes on the Hebrew Text of the Book of Kings, p210, 1903 AD] (New American Commentary, p 225, 1995 AD) c. The Septuagint (LXX) was translated from the earliest Hebrew manuscripts in 280 BC. d. The Masoretic Text (MT) of the Old Testament that ... While the two stories are separated by 300 years and differ a bit in the details, they were killed for the same reasons: People of darkness had it when people of light expose and condemn their wickedness. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/chronology/bible-chronology-timeline-Elijah-Elisha-John-the-Baptist-Jesus-types-antitypes-870-810BC.htm
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31: Ancient Synagogue Literary Sources: Jews persecuting Christians ...
... Since this passage from the words of Jeremias is still found in some copies of Scripture in the Jewish synagogues (for it was deleted only a short time ago), and since it is also proved from these words that ... Indeed, he shows the same kind of integrity as his brothers in 150 AD who shamelessly corrupted their own Tanakh out of hatred and jealously of Christianity. b. "Since the Jewish and Christian versions differ ... Numerous church fathers testify to the lengths to which orthodox Judaism went to discredit Jesus' Messianic office, a phenomenon also recorded throughout the book of Acts. Justin Martyr says that the Rabbis ... Jews discard the Greek LXX and start corrupting their Hebrew Bible for anti-Christian purposes. e. Soon the Jews discarded the Greek Septuagint altogether and adopted the Hebrew "proto-Masoretic" Tanakh in spite of the fact that Hebrew had been functionally extinct among the entire Jewish population for 500 years and nobody in any synagogue could even read it. 5. Justin ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Ancient-Synagogue-Archeological-Literary-Sources-Bible-Jesus-Israel-Judea-diaspora-first-century-oldest-pre70A-Justin-Martyr-patristic-apostolic-church-father-150ad.htm
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32: Kadesh-Barnea by Henry Clay Trumbull, 1884 AD
... 288. (22.) ANOTHER LANDMARK RECOGNIZED, 289. (23.) AN ARAB S SHORT CUT, 292. (24.) OWDY S USE OF SALT, 293. (25.) A CAMP AT EL- ... Concerning the use of this term in biblical and elassical history, Bee Prideaux s Connection, Part I., Book 1, p. 87 /. LIGHTS AND SHAD ... All this was within three years after the coming out of Egypt ; probably within two years. 4 . 14: 39, 40. 2 The Hebrew word ^cghelh or ... and judicious students of the Bible text; however those stu dents may differ in an understanding of the list of stations given in Numbers 33. For example, see: Hasius, in Ileg. ... the story of the The- ophany is rehearsed to Israel, the Septuagint gives " myriads of Kadesh," where our text gives "tun thousands ... Hackett adds that " The reading of the LXX. in Num. 34 : 4, K()//f rov Bapvij, seems to favor the notion that it was regarded by them as ... will flatly contradict you and set you right, while if it be authentic he is puzzled at your possessing a knowledge of the facts, and ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-exodus-kadesh-barnea-henry-clay-trumbull-1884ad.htm
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33: "KJV Only" advocates refuted!
... The vast majority of textual variations between the Textus Receptus and later texts (which are based to a large extent on older ... However, these manuscripts are generally of much later date than those which are deemed by most scholars to have the authentic reading. ... And it is this same David Otis Fuller who grossly misrepresented the views of Robert Dick Wilson concerning the English Bible. Fuller ... that, though current Hebrew copies of the Old Testament are generally reliable, sometimes the ancient versions (Septuagint, Syriac, Vulgate, etc.) preserve the true original reading in places where the Hebrew has been corrupted in the copying process [ see Wilson's remarks in Studies in the Book of Daniel, vol. ... introduced by Erasmus (as the textus receptus and the majority text as published by Hodges and Farstad differ in 1,838 specifics). ... To be short, the most learned Emperor of former times [Justinian], (at the least, the greatest politician) what thanks had he for cutting ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/b-kjv-only.htm
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34: REFUTED: Full-Preterist, "Realized Eschatology", "AD 70 doctrine ...
... They would instantly recognize his method of connecting scriptures the way he did in Mt 2:23 and would accept what he wrote as powerful, authentic and inspired. 4. While today we may scratch ... Jesus deliberately echoes a pattern of themes that are unique to Jehovah by using the expression "I AM" (Greek: ego eimi; Hebrew: ani hu). The high density of I AM sayings of Jehovah found ... WHO ARE OPPRESSED, TO PROCLAIM THE FAVORABLE YEAR OF THE LORD." And He closed the book, gave it back to the attendant and sat down; and the eyes of all in the synagogue were fixed on Him. ... Generally New Testament writers quoted from the Greek Septuagint (LXX) Isaiah Source NT quote New Testament: New English Translation (NET) Septuagint LXX Vaticanus 325 AD Masoretic MT Jewish Bible JPS Isaiah 1:9 Rom 9:29 "Just as Isaiah ... He began to siege Jerusalem in attempts to gain entry (Josephus Wars 2.434). Eventually he gained access to the city and became a short-lived rebel leader. The key point is that the city was ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/revelation/Refuted-Full-Preterism-Realized-eschatology-debunked-exposed-second-coming-Parousia-rapture-destruction-Jerusalem-70AD-Doctrine-Revelation-Commentary.htm
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35: Bible Chronology charts: Septuagint LXX vs. corrupted Masoretic ...
Bible Chronology Charts The Septuagint (LXX) vs. corrupted Masoretic "Scripture cannot be broken" (Jesus, John 10:35) "My word will accomplish what I desire and succeed in the purpose for which I sent it." (Isa 55:11) Steve Rudd November 2017 See ... Every reliable literary source before 100 AD uses the longer LXX chronology and not the shorter Masoretic. 2. Both Philo and Josephus were using the extant Hebrew manuscript of their day which followed the longer LXX chronology. a. This is a huge ... original chronological numbers for the age of the earth at 5554 BC. 225 BC: Demetrius the chronographer: 5500 BC 170 BC: Book of Jubilees: 3906 BC (estimate) 158 BC: Eupolemus: 5307 BC 10 AD: Testament of Moses: 4221 BC Follows Book of Jubilees 30 ... Steve Rudd 2017 AD 1. Shem begat Arphaxad at age 100 which was two years after the flood. 2. Christians know from Acts 7:4 that Abraham was born when Terah was 130 years old not 70. This is an interpretive variance, not a textual one in spite of ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Bible-chronology-charts-age-of-earth-date-Genesis-5-11-Septuagint-text-LXX-original-autograph-corrupted-Masoretic-MT-primeval-5554BC.htm
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36: Acapella Responsive Singing, No Instruments in first century ...
... Was never used in the Temple but the Synagogue and was a 13 weekly Sabbath cycle congregational responsive singing program. 7. Bible examples of ... From what we know of Hebrew music and the structure of Hebrew poetry, we may conjecture the song to have been in unison and in responsive strains. The ... G. The responsive Hymn Of The Three Young Men (Daniel 3:49-93, Apocrypha, LXX) 1. This is an uninspired addition to the book of Daniel found in the Septuagint that dates to 100 BC when synagogue worship was fully established. a. ... XVI, Psalm 145:1-7; Col. XVII, Psalm 145:13-21 3. "11QPsa contains a number of textual variants, including a refrain, "Blessed be the Lord and blessed be ... Historical insight: Jesus followed a known and immediately recognizable format structure in His Beatitudes with 8 short and a 9th long beatitute. Jesus ... Spirit used known cultural paradigms so John's warning to flee Jerusalem, echoing Mathew 24 and Luke 21 was: revolutionary, relevant and authentic. e. ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/synagogues/Acapella-responsive-singing-non-instrumental-first-century-early-Christian-Church-New-Testament-worship-prototype-ancient-Synagogue-ritual-liturgy-worship.htm
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37: Book of Job: Bible textual variants analysed
"My word will accomplish what I desire and succeed in the purpose for which I sent it." (Isa 55:11) Steve Rudd November 2017 Textual Variants in the Book of Job: Bible textual variants analysed Introduction: The book of Job is 400 lines shorter in the Septuagint than the Masoretic because of the translation process that sought to simplify the Oriental poetic style text into a "Cole's Notes" dynamic equivalent for a target Greek audience. However, the additional words of Job's wife (Job 2:9a,9b,9c, 9d, LXX) found in the Septuagint but absent in the Masoretic are a different matter altogether and likely represent a scribal addition (gloss). To everyone who reads the story in the Masoretic Text, Job's wife simply didn't say enough to satisfy human curiosity, but that's how the Holy Spirit may have left it. The single statement of Job's wife in the Masoretic Text might be viewed as "test bait" to "abide within the word of God" that some ancient Hebrew scribe (possibly Ezra) found ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Book-of-Job-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Tanakh-Septuagint-LXX-Masoretic-Text-MT-scribal-gloss-copying-error.htm
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38: Textual Variants Daniel's 70 weeks, Susanna, Prayer of Hananiah ...
Textual Variants in the Book of Daniel 70 weeks | Susanna | Prayer of Hananiah | Bel and the dragon Introduction: 1. Outside the variants discussed herein, the book of Daniel is essentially identical between the Masoretic text (MT) and the Septuagint (LXX). a. The Greek (LXX) translation of Daniel would have been very early in the production of the Greek Tanakh (probably before 200 BC) after the Torah was completed in 282 BC. b. Susanna on the other ... The alternate text of Daniel 9:24-27 of the messianic prophecy of the 70 weeks. 3. These additions, however, were read by the early church and included in the first full edition Bible's we know of: Codex Vaticanus 350 AD. 4. We find two different prophecies in the Bible ... I. Archeological and literary details about the manuscript of Daniel: 1. "In the [Hebrew] Masoretic Text, Daniel is recorded in two languages. Daniel 1:1-2:4a and chapters 8-12 are in Hebrew, while Daniel 2:4b through the end of chapter 7 (7:28) is in Aramaic. This is ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Daniel-Bible-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Tanakh-70-weeks-Daniel9.24-Messiah-490-years-458BC-33AD-resurrection-Codex-Vaticanus-Susanna-Prayer-Hananiah-Bel-dragon.htm
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39: Zedekiah, Matteniah King of Judah 597-587 BC The Chronological ...
... The captivity of Judah and Israel marked the end of political independence till the coming of Christ. Only during a few short ... A. Jeremiah wrote two autograph copies of "Jeremiah": 1. The book of Jeremiah has two ancient autograph inspired textual ... the lord. 593 BC (Masoretic 390) + 190 years = 783 BC, 593 BC + 40 + 190 = 823 BC. The meaning of these numbers is unsure. ... In the Septuagint text serpent in Isaiah 27:1, is rendered dragon, and in both Hebrew and Greek texts it is made the symbol of Babylon, the power hostile to the people of God. In Ezekiel 29 :3 dragon in the Septuagint was made the emblem of Pharoah, king ... C. Ezekiel was one of the two witnesses of Revelation 11. Ezekiel and Jesus ben Ananus See: Bible Only Revelation Commentary ... are sent to YHWH believing JEWS not pagan Romans. ii. "So I went to the angel, telling him to give me the little book. ... It is the earliest reference to the Septuagint (LXX) and documents Ezekiel 17:15 where king Zedekiah sends troops in 593 BC ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/archeology/bible-archeology-Zedekiah-Matteniah-last-king-of-judah-seal-bulla-cave-597-587bc
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40: The Septuagint, LXX, origin, textual transmission, synagogues ...
Six Manuscripts of the Old Testament Name Date Authors Place Content Language Mosaic (ST) 1446 BC Moses Sinai Book of the Law, Torah Hieroglyphic Hebrew Naiothic (SNT) 1050 BC Samuel Naioth, Ramah Torah, Joshua Paleo-Hebrew Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) 623/610 BC Samuel Naioth, Ramah Torah (copy from Josiah) Paleo-Hebrew Quattuordecim (XIV) 458-445 BC Ezra "the 14" Jerusalem Tanakh, (Except Neh., Mal.) Aramaic-Hebrew Septuagint (LXX) 282 BC "the 70" Alexandria Tanakh Greek Masoretic (MT) 160 AD Rabbi Yose ben Halafta Zippori Tanakh Aramaic-Hebrew See also: 1. Author's Preface and Master Introduction 2. 6 Old Testament Manuscripts 3. Origin of the 4 Hebrew scripts used by Jews and in the bible 4. Book of Law in Hieroglyphic ... Masoretic II. Anti-Christian, theologically driven, single textual variants in the Old Testament: LXX vs. MT 1. Shem was NOT Melchizedek. Shem died before Abraham was born. 2. Shem was second-born and NOT Melchizedek. Japheth "the Great" was firstborn in the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-Greek-Old-Testment-Tanakh-ancient-Synagogues-first-century-church-PtolemyII-282-246BC.htm
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41: Origin of the Philistines, Sea Peoples, Pentapolis Cities, Goliath
... It is easy to see from the Hebrew why scholars equate Cherethite with Cretan. Cherethite is kereti. Hebrew script is consonantal, and notice ... On the other hand, there is a Jewish tradition that the Caphtorim were from Cappadocia; the Septuagint reads "Cappadocia" instead of ... Further, the textual and pictorial evidence in the chapel of Rekhmire is closely tied together (Vercoutter 1956: 185-88) so that attempts to ... B. Philistine feathered helmet on the Phaistos disk from Crete: 1700 BC 1. The importance of the Phaistos disk cannot be understated. c. Bible... None of the numerous attempts at deciphering the relatively short text has gained acceptance; the language of the inscription has thus also ... of Philistine origins that was based on an authentic early memory, namely, that the Philistines originally descended from the Casluhites. ... ... So, the Philistine Pentapolis cities were a strong undefeatable force at the time of Joshua, except by faith. 5. Why does the book of Judges ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/bible-archeology-origin-of-the-Philistines-Pentapolis-Sea-Peoples-Crete-Rameses-III-Medinet-Habu-Mortuary-temple-reliefs-inscriptions-Thebes-1077BC.htm
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42: Masoretic Text (MT) born in 160 AD at Zippori
Jews corrupted their own Bible to counter theological adversaries. The Jews in 160-200 AD corrupted the Genesis chronology for anti-Christian purposes unknowingly following in the footsteps of Ezra in 458 BC who, for anti-Samaritan purposes, changed the location of Joshua's alter from Mt. Gerizim to Mt Ebal as he converted the Paleo-Hebrew Tanakh into Aramaic Hebrew. Noah got drunk, David committed adultery. Perhaps this one textual corruption was Ezra's ... Six Manuscripts of the Old Testament Name Date Authors Place Content Language Mosaic (ST) 1446 BC Moses Sinai Book of the Law, Torah Hieroglyphic Hebrew Naiothic (SNT) 1050 BC Samuel Naioth, Ramah Torah, Joshua Paleo-Hebrew Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) 623/610 BC Samuel Naioth, Ramah Torah (copy from Josiah) Paleo-Hebrew Quattuordecim (XIV) 458-445 BC Ezra "the 14" Jerusalem Tanakh, (Except Neh., Mal.) Aramaic-Hebrew Septuagint (LXX) 282 BC "the 70" Alexandria Tanakh Greek Masoretic (MT) 160 AD Rabbi Yose ben Halafta Zippori ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Masoretic-Text-MT-Leningrad-Codex-Bible-manuscripts-Old-Testament-Torah-Tanakh-Hebrew-Rabbi-Yose-ben-Halafta-Zippori-160AD.htm
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43: Samaritan Pentateuch Textual Variants: Joshua's Altar was on ...
The Samaritans built their Samaritan Temple on Mt. Gerizim to venerate Joshua's Altar, or so they say! Samaritan Pentateuch Textual Variants: Joshua's Altar was on Mt. Gerizim? Deut 27:4 Ezra's Deliberate Anti-Samaritan Variants in the Hebrew Masoretic Text (MT) Bible textual variants analysed See also full outline on the Excavation of "Joshua's Altar" on Mt. Ebal by Adam Zertal See also: 1. Ezra's Anti-Samaritan Variants in the Quattuordecim ... Gerizim until the recent discovery of a 2100-year-old Hebrew "Dead Sea Scroll F.154" might validate the Samaritan Pentateuch against the Hebrew Masoretic Text. The problem is that DSS F.154 is most likely a forgery and a fraud. However, we do need to explore the historical smoke and confusion surrounding the locations of Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Ebal. The LXX (Septuagint) and the Madaba map mark two sets of the mountains near Shechem and Jericho. This is bizarre. We know from the book of Judges that Mt. Gerizim was beside Shechem, so why the ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Samaritan-Pentateuch-SP-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-scribal-gloss-error-Deut27-4-Mt-Gerizim-Ebal-Dead-Sea-Scroll-4Q33-Deuteronomy-f.htm
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44: Recensional history of the Six Bible Manuscripts of the Old Testament
Manuscript Transmission of the Old Testament Recensional history of the Six Bible Manuscripts of the Old Testament Mosaic | Naiothic | Samaritan Pentateuch | Quattuordecim | Septuagint | Masoretic "Scripture cannot be broken" (Jesus, John 10:35) Steve Rudd 1017 Six Manuscripts of the Old Testament Name Date Authors Place Content Language Mosaic (ST) 1446 BC Moses Sinai Book of the Law, Torah Hieroglyphic Hebrew Naiothic (SNT) 1050 BC Samuel Naioth, Ramah Torah, Joshua Paleo-Hebrew Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) 623/610 BC Samuel Naioth, Ramah Torah (copy from Josiah) Paleo-Hebrew Quattuordecim (XIV) 458-445 BC Ezra "the 14" Jerusalem Tanakh, (Except Neh., Mal.) Aramaic-Hebrew Septuagint (LXX) 282 BC "the 70" Alexandria Tanakh Greek Masoretic (MT) 160 AD Rabbi ... The Palestinian was the text-type current in Palestine at the end of the fifth century. Most of the Hebrew witnesses from Qumran as well as the Samaritan Pentateuch belong to this textual family. The Egyptian text is a branch ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Bible-Manuscript-Recessional-Transmission-history-Old-Testament-Mosaic-Naiothic-Samaritan-Pentateuch-Quattuordecim-Septuagint-Masoretic.htm
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45: Sabbatatrians Refuted and Sabbath keepers Exposed: 2011 AD
... Since all have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God, when it comes to the process of how believers are saved they could not possibly ... This distinction between the 29th and the previous verses in regard to the article, is preserved in the Septuagint, and also in De Wette's ... Can we ask a few logical questions? Does the omission of evidence in one book negate the evidence of another? Is Brendan offering us a ... from anarthrous construction, we took the time to work through a Hebrew-English Interlinear Bible to see if we could find even one instance where a Jewish holy or ... of these articles, but arguments based on them are probably insufficient to prove a point without support from other textual evidence. ... assign other reasons, of which those given by the one writer differ from those given by the other; each, as Domville shews, assigning ... May I state at this juncture that the matter---- is perfectly authentic. The matter was raised the first day as a question, and I did not ... ...
https://www.bible.ca/7-lying-for-god-Kerry-Wynne.htm
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46: Chronology of Noah's Flood: Single Textual Variants in the Book ...
"My word will accomplish what I desire and succeed in the purpose for which I sent it." (Isa 55:11) Steve Rudd November 2017 Chronological Flood chart mapping the variants between the LXX and MT: Chronology of Noah's Flood: Single Textual Variants in the Book of Genesis Bible textual variants analysed Introduction: 1. The variants in the Genesis flood Chronology are the result of a ... So these changes in the flood sequence chronology are pigeon feed compared to the changes the Jews made in Gen 5,11. 3. All known ancient archeological and Literary sources stand against the Masoretic text and validate the Septuagint once again! a. No ancient Dead Sea Scroll manuscripts of Genesis chapters 5, 7, 8, 9, ... II. Literary sources: Josephus 1. Josephus confirms the number 27 as the day the flood started: "Now he says that this flood began on the 27th day of the aforementioned month; and this was 2656 years years from Adam" (Josephus, Antiquities 1.81-82) 2. Josephus was using a Hebrew Torah not ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Book-of-Genesis-7-Flood-Chronology-10-17-27-day-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Tanakh-Septuagint-LXX-Masoretic-Text-MT-scribal-gloss-copying-error.htm
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47: Book of Psalms 151: Chapter 151: Bible textual variants analysed
The Great Psalms Scroll from Cave 11 at Qumran: 11Q5 Textual Variants in the Book of Psalms Chapter 151: Bible textual variants analysed Introduction: PSALM 151: This is an additional chapter found in the Septuagint which dates to 200 BC and is found in the great Psalms scroll (11Q5) in Cave 11 at Qumran. Though it claims to be written by King David himself, it doesn't contain any new information not already in the Bible, so it makes no difference if it is included or excluded. Discussion: 1. The Dead Sea Scroll of Psalm 151: a. The famous Psalms scroll was found in 1956 AD in cave 11 at Qumran. b. The Septuagint (LXX) and Dead Sea Scroll 11Q5 (11Q5 Psalms a, 11QPsalmsa, 1Q1Psa) have Psalm 151, which is lacking in the Masoretic Text ... 4. Archeological and literary details about Ps 151 from Dead Sea Scroll 11Q5: a. "Although Psalm 151 is not included in the Masoretic Text, a Hebrew version, varying slightly from the Greek and Syriac, was found among the Dead Sea Scrolls (11QPsa). ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Book-of-Psalms-151-Chapter-151-Bible-Manuscript-Textual-Variants-Old-Testament-Tanakh-Septuagint-LXX-Masoretic-Text-MT-scribal-gloss-copying-error.htm
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48: Four Hebrew Scripts: Mosaic, Hieroglyphic, Paleo, Aramaic, square ...
Four Hebrew Bible Scripts 1. Mosaic-Hieroglyphic Hebrew script by invented by Joseph in 1859 BC. 2. Paleo-Hebrew script standardized by Samuel the prophet in 1050 BC 3. Aramaic-Hebrew "square" script adopted by Ezra the prophet in 458 BC. 4. Masoretic-Hebrew "vowelled" script invented by Masoretes in 600 AD. 1859 BC: The birth of Hebrew writing History of 4 Hebrew scripts and alphabets used by the Jews The Greek Septuagint LXX "Scripture cannot be broken" (Jesus, John 10:35) Steve Rudd 2017 Abstract: During the time of Abraham Hebrew was a spoken language ... The first is called "Hieroglyphic Hebrew" which was invented by Joseph and used by God in the Ten Commandments and Moses in the book of the Law that was placed on the side of the Ark of the Covenant. The shapes of ... Samaritan (SP) 458 BC Ezra's Text (XIV) 282 BC Septuagint (LXX) 160 AD Masoretic (MT) Research Tools OT Textual Variants Messianic expectation 300 OT quotes in NT Canon of the Bible Chronology Charts Seder Olam ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-Hebrew-ancient-earliest-writing-Bible-scripts-alphabets-origin-Mosaic-heiroglyphic-Paleo-Aramaic-Masoretic-Jewish-Greek.htm
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49: Birth order of Shem and Japheth: Shem second born: Chronology ...
Birth order of Shem and Japheth: Shem was second born when Noah was 502 years old Anti-Christian, Chronological Interpretation Variants in the Book of Genesis Bible textual variants analysed Introduction: The backdrop to the birth order of Shem is that in the ... But it was all a fiction created by the Jews in living in Zippori in 160 AD as an anti-Christian revision to counter the idea that Jesus was the messianic type of Melchizedek in the book of Hebrews. The earliest Jewish literary sources (100 BC) make no ... The earliest literary source that equates Melchizedek with Shem is Seder Olam Rabbah in 160 AD, then in Targum Onqelos in 225 AD. The Bible clearly teaches in all versions, both Greek Septuagint and Hebrew Masoretic, that Shem was second born of when Noah was 502 years old. The confusion over determining who was the older brother between Shem and Japheth is caused by a minor variant in the Hebrew manuscripts in 160 AD. In Gen 10:21 the LXX indicates Shem was younger than ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Bible-Chronology-variants-theological-interpretation-Old-Testament-Book-of-Genesis-10-21-Shem-Japheth-inverted-reversed-birth-order-textual.htm
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50: Aramaic: Native language of Jesus
Greek Septuagint LXX The Textual transmission of the Old Testament "Scripture cannot be broken" (Jesus, John 10:35) Steve Rudd 1017 Introduction: 1. Working languages at the time of Christ: 30 AD: Working languages at the time of Christ: 30 AD Default working language Other languages spoken Language of worship Jesus Christ Aramaic Syriac Greek, Aramaic Hebrew Septuagint (Galilee) Jews in Canaan Aramaic Syriac Greek Septuagint Jews outside Canaan Greek Aramaic Syriac Septuagint High Priest: Temple, Jerusalem Aramaic Hebrew Greek, Aramaic Syriac Aramaic Hebrew (Masoretic... accepted that in 1st century Palestine there was trilingualism." (The Septuagint in Context: Introduction to the Greek Version of the Bible, Marcos, N. Fernández, p333, 2000 AD) 3. Jesus was trilingual: a. ... In Jerusalem, Nehemiah needed to translate the Hebrew scriptures into Aramaic so the Jews could understand it. "They read from the book, from the law of God, translating to give the sense so that they ... ...
...https://www.bible.ca/manuscripts/Septuagint-LXX-default-working-language-Jesus-first-century-Aramaic-Greek-Hebrew-Latin.htm
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